基于大鼠模型的蛛网膜下腔出血研究_临床医学论文.docVIP

基于大鼠模型的蛛网膜下腔出血研究_临床医学论文 基于大鼠模型的蛛网膜下腔出血研究_临床医学论文 作者：赵炜疆，吴崇厚，刘乃友 【摘要】 人们使用几种手段在大鼠上模拟蛛网膜下腔出血模型，以研究SAH后的病理生理改变、脑损伤和迟发性脑血管痉挛。然而到目前为止没有任何一个模型能够完全模拟临床上所观察到的全部现象。笔者通过回顾有关大鼠实验性蛛网膜下腔出血的研究性文献，对大鼠实验性蛛网膜下腔出血模型的致模方法、各方法涉及的研究内容和研究结论做以总结，从而对模型的适用范围做一简要评估，并从实验性大鼠SAH模型中建立起对SAH的深入认识。笔者对已经发表的大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型进行了系统回顾，相关文章来源于Pubmed Medline的检索系统，检索主题词分别为“subarachnoid hemorrhage + rat”和“subarachnoid hemorrhage + rats”，共筛选出符合标准的文献146篇。笔者分别从致模方法和研究内容对这些文献进行了初步分析。结果表明应根据不同的实验需要选择与之相适应的大鼠模型。在一些情况下，应使用两种或多种大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型来阐明某些机制，从而达到最接近临床的结果，以期明确大鼠在实验性蛛网膜下腔出血研究中的重要作用。分析表明应根据不同的实验需要选择与之相适应的大鼠模型在一些情况下，应使用两种或多种大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血模型来阐明某些机制，从而达到最接近临床的结果。 【关键词】 大鼠；蛛网膜下腔出血；枕大池注射；血管内穿刺；交叉前池注射 Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats 【Abstract】 Several means have been undertaken to simulate subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats, in which pathophysiological changes, brain injury and vasospasm are investigated. However, no single means has been used to help interpret the whole phenomena observed clinically. By tracing back the published experimental data in rats, we endeavoured to come up with the optimal means corresponding to a certain clinical phenomenon. We performed a systematic review on published data about the SAH model in rats. Published articles were identified by searching Pubmed Medline. Assessment items were classified into Pathological evaluation; Vasospasm exploration; Behavioral investigation and survival; whether application in pharmaceutical filtration. Certain rat subarachnoid hemorrhage model should be purposefully selected according to certain experimental design. In some special circumstances, two or more rat SAH model should be combined to interpret a complete mechanism to achieve a good result. Two or more rat models should be used to better our understanding of a phenomenon. 【Key words】 Rat; subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH); cisterna magna injection; endovascular puncture; prechiasmatic injection 蛛网膜下腔出血引发的脑损伤已被关注多年，但SAH引发损伤的确切机制对基础和临床医学工作者来说仍是巨大的挑战，而动物模型则为我们探询这些机制提供了一个平台。在过去的半个世纪，人们在狒狒、猴、兔、犬以及大