水稻灌浆期夜间高温对叶片衰老及籽粒充实影响.docVIP

(水稻灌浆期夜间高温对叶片衰老及籽粒充实的影响 摘要：以粳稻品种方欣4号为材料，在大田环境条件下，研究了水稻灌浆期夜间高温对叶绿素含量、衰老相关酶（SOD、POD和CATMDA含量、产量构成要素及强弱势粒灌浆动态过程的影响.结果表明，灌浆期夜间高温显著降低叶绿素含量，导致衰老提前，缩短灌浆期；夜间高温使SOD酶活性延后5d达到峰值，显著降低了10d和25d的SOD酶活性；使CAT酶活性提前5d达到峰值，极显著的提高了20d的CAT酶活性、极显著的降低了25d的CAT酶活性；对POD酶活性影响不显著；显著提高了MDA含量.夜间高温极显著降低了水稻的结实率、强弱势粒千粒重和强弱势粒的充实度.夜间高温显著降低了强势粒全灌浆期的灌浆速率、极显著的降低了弱势粒全灌浆期的灌浆速率；从灌浆动态过程来看，夜间高温极显著地降低了强势粒10-15d的灌浆速率、显著降低了20-25d的灌浆速率、显著提高了15-20d的灌浆速率，对弱势粒的影响，夜间高温显著提高了0-5d和15-20d的灌浆速率、显著减低了10-15d的灌浆速率、极显著地降低了25-30d的灌浆速率. 关键词：水稻；夜间高温；衰老；千粒重；充实度；灌浆速率 中图分类号：S511 Effects of high night temperature on leaf senescence and grain plumpness during rice grain filling DU Yan-xiu, SONG Xing-nian, ZHANG Jing, LI Jun-zhou, ZHAO Quan-zhi (Agronomy College, Rice Engineering Research Center, Henan Agricultural niversity, The Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory for Physiological Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan Province, zhengzhou 450002) Abstract：The japonica rice variety Fangxin 4 was used to research the effects of high night temperature（HNT） on chlorophyⅡcontent, enzymes activities related to senescence (Superoxide Dismutase SOD, peroxidase POD and catalase CAT), Maleic Dialdehyde (MDA) content, yield components and dynamic grain-filling of superior and inferior spikelets during rice grain filling stage in the field cultural condition. The results showed under high night temperature, the chlorophyⅡ content decreased significantly, leaves senescence earlier, shortened grain-filling period . Enzymes activities related to senescence and MDA content were analyzed which displayed under high night temperature, the peak of SOD activity achieved lately 5 days during grain filling period, and the activity significantly decreased at 10 day and 25 day after heading, the peak of CAT activity achieved early 5 days during grain filling period, and CAT activity increased significantly at 20 day and reduced significantly at 25 day after heading, however POD activity was not obvious changes, MDA content increased s