八路智能竞赛抢答器设计-课程设计论文.doc

八路智竞赛抢答器设计八路智竞赛抢答器设计1、、 3、、 摘 要 1 1. 抢答器的功能要求 2 1.1基本功能 2 1.2扩展功能 2 2. 方案论证与比较 2 2.1方案一：采用数字电路 3 2.2方案二：采用单片机 3 2.3方案三：采用PLC 4 2.4方案比较 4 3.总体设计原理与各部分单元电路的设计 5 3.1数字抢答器总体具体方框图 5 3.2各部分单元电路的设计 6 3.3完整电路图设计 9 4电路调试 9 4.1抢答器电路 9 4.3秒脉冲发生电路 11 4.4时序控制电路 12 4.4报警电路 13 4.5整体电路调试 14 5仿真结果分析 15 5.1抢答电路仿真 15 5.2定时电路仿真 15 5.3总体电路仿真 16 6心得与体会 18 7参考资料 19 8附录：电路中的元件介绍 20 8.1 优先编码器74LS148 20 8.2译码器74LS48 21 8.3同步十进制可逆计数器74LS192 23 8.4 555芯片 25  摘 要该抢答器主要是基于 7 4系列集成芯片组成电路各个部分，成本较低，且基本能够使用于学校的一些活动中。采用74LS148编码器和74LS279 RS锁存器组成抢答器的核心部分抢答电路。采用74LS192十进制加/减计数器设计抢答器的定时部分，计数器的时钟脉冲电路提供。采用555定时器和三极管构成报警电路，时序控制电路由74LS121产生。采用七段共阴极LED数码管显示抢答序号和定时时间，由74LS48数字显示译码管显示数码管。Abstract  The device is based mainly on the Number 7 4 series of integrated circuit chips , which are in the lower cost, and be available to some of the school activities. The core of the Answer circuit is composed of 74LS148 and 74LS279 RS encoder latch. 74LS192 increase the use of metric / Answer by counter designs timing of the clock pulse counter circuit to provide. Using 555 timer and alarm circuit transistor constitute, timing control circuit is generated by the 74LS121. Seven-Segment LED cathode using a total of digital display and serial number Answer regular time, figures from the 74LS48 decoder digital tube display. In this paper, a digital circuit using a number of significant production Answer multi-functional device, which in addition to the Answer with the basic functions, but also has a regular alarm functions, and several significant features, when the start Answer, the system will automatically countdown, and can be pre-set time period if it was Answer system will stop the clock, if no one Answer period, the alarm system will be short-lived, suggesting that the end Answer. 1. 抢答器的功能要求 1.1基本功能 ①设计一个智力竞赛抢答器，可同时供8名选手或8个代表队参加比赛，他们的编号分别是0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7，各用一个抢答按钮，按号与选手的编号相对应，分别是So、S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7。给节目主持人设置一个控制开关，用来控制系统的清零(编号显示数码管灭灯)和抢答的开始。 抢答器具有数据锁存和显示的功能。抢答开始后，若有选手按动抢答按钮，编号立即锁存