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高三总复习 人教版 · 英语 语法精要十三 主谓一致 主谓一致 名词作主语时,主谓一致通常遵循以下三个原则:语法形式上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。 在下列情况下,应注意谓语动词形式: 1.family,team,audience,class,club,committee,company,crowd,enemy,group,government,party,population等名词,强调整体时,谓语动词用单数;强调其中的成员时,谓语动词用复数。如: My family is a happy one.我的家庭很幸福。 My family like sports.我的家人喜欢运动。 The population of China is very large and eighty-five percent of the population are farmers. 中国人口非常多,而且85%来自农村。 2.people(人民、人们),police,cattle,youth等集体名词后的谓语动词用复数。如: The police are searching for the thief in the forest. 警察正在树林里搜捕小偷。 3.表示度量、距离、金额、时间的复数名词,以及书刊名、专有名词等名词复数作主语时,可看作整体,谓语动词用单数。如: Three years has passed since he came here. 自从他来这里已经三年了。 Fifty kilometres is a long way. 50千米是很长的路。 The New York Times sells well in the USA. 《纽约时报》在美国很畅销。 4.作并列主语的单数名词前分别有each,every,no 修饰时,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如: Each boy and each girl wants to work hard. 每个男孩和女孩都想努力工作。 No teacher and no student likes the film. 老师和学生都不喜欢电影。 5.作主语的单数名词前有more than one,many a等修饰时,虽表示复数概念,但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如: Many a young man was sent to the mountainous areas. 许多人被送往山区。 More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试失败。 另外,one and a half后跟名词复数,谓语动词仍用单数形式。如: One and a half bananas is left on the table. 一个半香蕉被剩在桌子上。 6.a kind of,a pair of,a series of修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: A pair of shoes was on the bed. 床上有一双鞋。 注意下面一组句子中,谓语形式的不同。 This kind of men is dangerous.(中心词为kind) Men of this kind are dangerous.(中心词为men) 7.用and或both...and...连接并列主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。如: Plastics and rubber never rot. 塑料和橡胶都不会腐烂。 Walking and riding are good exercises. 走路和骑车都是很好的锻炼。 但是,并列主语如指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。如: Truth and honesty is the best policy. 实事求是和诚实是最好的政策。 A knife and fork is lying on the table. 刀叉正放在餐桌上。 To love and to be loved is the great happiness. 爱与被爱都是很大的幸福。 注:指同一个人、物的并列主语皆为可数名词时,and后的名词前不加冠词。 8.如果主语后面带有as well as,as much as,no less than,along with,with,like,rather than,together with,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等引导的短语时,句中谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的单复数。如: The room with the furniture in it was rented yesterday. 有家具的房间昨天
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