赭红枝顶孢Acremonium salmoneum 对竹叶锈病菌的重寄生作用研究.pdfVIP

27(4)528-534 中国生物防治学报 Chinese Journal of Biological Control 2011 年 11 月 赭红枝顶孢Acremonium salmoneum对竹叶锈病菌的 重寄生作用研究 * 叶利芹，吴小芹 ，叶建仁 (南京林业大学/江苏省有害生物入侵预防与控制重点实验室，南京 210037) 摘要:竹叶锈病(Puccinia spp.)是竹类主要病害之一，影响竹林生长。为了利用重寄生菌赭红枝顶孢 Acremonium salmoneum 防治竹叶锈病，本文研究了该重寄生菌的寄生规律及其抑病作用。结果表明，该重寄生菌的分生孢 子自然条件下可在锈病病斑上越冬，作为次年重寄生的初侵染源；分生孢子主要依靠风吹雨溅在林间传播， 可发生多次再侵染；林间温度在 16.4～25.4 ℃下，潜育期为 10～18d；采用纸环法观察重寄生菌对锈病菌 （ Puccinia longicornis 和 P. phyllostachydis ）夏孢子的萌发情况可知，重寄生菌对锈病菌夏孢子的萌发有较强 的抑制作用，24h 后 2 种锈菌夏孢子的萌发率均很低，分别仅为 11.1%和 8.7% ，同时该重寄生菌可抑制锈病 病斑的扩展。竹叶锈病重寄生发生与环境条件有密切关系，在竹林较密、经营管理较差的林分竹叶锈病重寄 生率明显较高。 关 键 词：竹叶锈病；锈菌重寄生：赭红枝顶孢；发生规律 中图分类号：S476；S763.15 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-9261(2011)04-0528-07 Mycoparasitic Activities of Acremonium salmoneum against Bamboo Leaf Rust * YE Li-qin, WU Xiao-qin , YE Jian-ren (Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China) Abstract: Bamboo leaf rust diseases caused by Puccinia spp., affect the growth of bamboo severely. In order to control the disease with hyperparasite Acremonium salmoneum , authors investigated the occurrence and control efficiency of the hyperparasite. Results showed that conidia of the hyperparasite overwintered on the rusted leaves under natural condition, and served as primary infection source for next year. The conidia were disseminated by airflow and rain and could cause several infections. The incubation period was 10 －18 days at 16.4－25.4 ℃. Paper ring test demonstrated that A. salmoneum strongly inhibited germination of urediospores germination of Puccinia longicornis and P. phyllostachydis, with germination rates of 11.1% and 8.7%