英文文化7.ppt

 Communicative Principles and Activities CLT Language use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy more Fostering communicative competence more 3. The implementation of language skills more 4. Communicative activities more Language use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy more CLT Communicative Competence Why CLT? To develop Ss’ communicative competence What is communicative competence? Knowledge about the language + Knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations [Task 2: p.16] [Task 3: p.17] [Task 4: p.17] Chomsky: Linguistic Competence  Hymes: Communicative Competence  a. Chomsky’s theory: competence simply means knowledge of the language system (grammatical knowledge in other words) and the ability to use this knowledge to understand and produce lg. b. Hymes’s theory: “there are “rules of use without which the rules of grammar would be useless”. Besides grammatical rules, language use is governed by rules of use, which ensure that the desired or intended functions are performed and the language used is appropriate to the context. In other words, communicative competence includes knowledge of what to say, when, how, where, and to whom. c. According to Hymes, communicative competence includes four aspects: . grammatically acceptable (知道形式上是否可能)  . Understandable (知道是否可行)  . social norms (知道是否得体 ) . actually used (知道实施的条件 ) Canale Swain: four components of communicative competence 1). Grammatical competence 2). Sociolinguistic competence 3). Discourse competence 4). Strategic competence Hedge: five components of communicative competence 1). Linguistic competence— Knowledge of the lg proper 2). Pragmatic competence— Appropriate use of the lg in social