12-Amplification Omission(a).docVIP

PART I Amplification in C-E Translation I. Grammatical Amplification As has been stated before, the Chinese sentence constituents are mainly connected with their meanings and word-orders. As the relations of sentence elements are internal, covert and indistinct, conjuctions, preposions,etc. are less used. Whereas the English sentence constituents are connected with the aid of logic relationship and linquistic devices or grammatic rulesand the relations among sentence constituents are overtness. In order to correspond to English idomatic expression,.it is necessary to amplify some words for the requirements of English grammatic rules. 1. Adding Subjects or Objects 1．要提倡顾全大局。 We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration. 2．我国的经济建设，需要一个和平的国际环境，需要一个国内安定团结、天下大治的局面。 3．稳定利用外资规模，提高质量和效益。 4．经过20多年不懈的艰苦奋斗，中国的扶贫开发取得了巨大成就。 Thanks to the arduous and unremitting efforts in the past more than two decades, China has made tremendous achievements in its drive to assist the development of the poor areas. 5. 伦敦天气是多变的，有时雨，有时晴，经常是大雾弥漫。 6. 人们发现设法利用太阳能是很重要的。 2. Adding Articles 1．工程师是设计机器、建筑物或公共工程的人。 2．录音机是用来录音的机器。 3．我们对问题要做全面的分析，才能解决得妥当。 4．耳朵是用来听声音的器官，鼻子用来嗅气味，舌头用来尝滋味。 5．学校的职责是把学生培养成好公民，而教会孩子读和写则是家长的职责。 6．中国人口众多、幅员辽阔，这是发展旅游业的天然催化剂。 3. Adding Connectives 1．冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 2．她50岁退了休。 3．他吹着口哨沿着马路漫步。 4．我们尊重知识是完全应该的，没有知识，社会就不会进步。 5．这工作对专家来说很容易，对没有经验的人来说困难。 6．虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。 7．留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 8．人不犯我，我不犯人。 9．东边闪电出日头，西边闪电必有雨，南边闪电天气热，北边闪电有雷雨。 10．群众齐心了，一切事情都好办了。 4. Adding Prepositions 1．1976年7月28日，唐山发生了大地震。 On July 28, a big earthquake took place in Tangshan. 2．复杂的计算我们可以用计算机进行，因为它能迅速地求出准确的答案。 3．当她从另外一个人那里打听到汤姆将获奖时，她高兴得跳了起来。 4．该设备结构先进、操作简便、安全可靠、维修方便。。 5．你是白天工作还是夜间工作？ 6．该地区已没什么城乡差别。 7．一代翻译巨匠傅雷先生1908年生于上海南汇。 II. Semantic Amplification 1．对毕业生可采取“双向选择”的制度。 The two-way choice system can be adopted for college graduates, which means that graduates could choose employers and employers could choose graduates. 2．深入开展“严打”斗争和专项治理。 We cr