低矮房屋实测风压极值特性与极值估计方法研究.pdfVIP

低矮房屋实测风压极值特性及极值估计方法研究 黄鹏 蔡玢 全涌 顾明 同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室，上海，200092 摘 要:低矮房屋屋面的局部风压极值往往是引起其围护结构破坏的主要原因，全面深入的实测研究风压极值特 性可为建筑抗风设计提供重要依据。同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室在上海浦东机场附近近海岸边建造了 一栋坡角连续可调的低矮试验房及40m测风塔，基于良态气候条件，对该房屋屋盖表面风压极值特性进行实测研 究。研究表明：屋面来流分离区实测风压表现出明显的非高斯性，其母体概率分布与Gamma分布和对数正态分 布符合较好;对母体样本按不同短时距划分成子段，并由自相关分析确定最佳观察时距，利用极值Ⅰ型分布参数 转换关系，计算的母体估计极值比观察极值法更准确。 关键字：低矮房屋；现场实测； 概率分布；极值估计 FieldMeasuredPeakPressureCharacteristicsandExtremeValueEstimation ofLow-riseBuildings HUANGPengCAIBin QUANYongGUMing StateKeyLaboratoryofDisasterReductioninCivilEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China Abstract:Thelocalroofpressureextremevaluesarealwaysthemaincauseofthedamagetothecomponentand claddingoflow-risebuildings.Acomprehensiveresearchinfield-measuredpeakpressurecharactersisticscouldprovide significantreferenceforwind-resistancedesignoflow-risebuildings.Afull-scaletestbuildingwithadjustableroof pitchesandananemometertowerof40minheightwereconstructedtostudythewindloadcharacteristicsonlow-rise buildingsatseashorebesidePudongInternationalAirportofShanghaibyTongjiUniversity.Basedonthepressuredata measuredontheroofofthetestbuildingduringnormalclimate,thefeaturesofextremevaluesofwindpressuresare reportedinthepaper.Asfortheflowseparationregion,theprobabilitydistributionsofthepressurecoefficienttimeseries arepresentedasnon-Ganssianfeaturesandaverygoodagreementisfoundamongthefull-scaledataandtheGammaand Lognormaldistribution,respectively.Theparentsectionisdividedintomultiplesub-sections,whosebestlengthis determinedbyauto-correlationanalysisontheparentsection,thenthepatentextremevalueisestimated,utilizingthe TypeⅠ　 extremevaluedistribution(EVD1)parameter-transformrelationshipsbetweenparentsectionandsubsection, Theextremevalueanalysisshowsthatsuchmethodcouldmoreaccuratelyreflect