An inference engine for the semantic web.ppt

Case study An inference engine for the semantic web Naudts Guido Student at the Open University Netherlands The layers of the semantic web SGML and HTML XML Properties Meta-language Subset of SGML Definition of tags –standardisation? Hierarchical Namespaces = mix of languages! XML Example ?xml version=1.0?? !DOCTYPE book SYSTEM /book.dtd book id=nielsen01 title Designing Web Usability /title info key Design /key key Internet /key isbn 1-56205-810-X /isbn? /info /book DTD Example !DOCTYPE book [ !ELEMENT book (title, subtitle?, author+, info) !ATTLIST book id CDATA #REQUIRED !ELEMENT title PCDATA !ELEMENT subtitle PCDATA !ELEMENT author PCDATA !ELEMENT info (key*, isbn) !ELEMENT key PCDATA !ELEMENT isbn PCDATA ] XML Schema example The layers of the semantic web Basics of RDF Anything can be a resource. Resources have URIs. Resources have properties. Properties have values and types. An RDF document makes statements about resources and their properties. RDF Properties RDF is a language == syntax and semantics XML syntax Notation 3 syntax A Simple Example “Jan Hanford created the J.S. Bach homepage.” The J.S. Bach homepage is a resource It has a URI () It has a property The property has a type of “creator” The property has a value of “Jan Hanford” RDF Graph Translated to (simplified) RDF: Namespaces added: RDF Schema RDF Schema example !-- $Id: animal.rdf,v 1.2 2001/10/01 00:12:34 amdus Exp $ -- !-- A simple RDF file for parser testing -- rdf:RDF xmlns:rdfs=/2000/01/rdf-schema# xmlns:rdf=/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns# xmlns:daml=/2001/03/daml+oil# xmlns=/2000/12/daml+oil# rdfs:Class rdf:ID=Animal rdfs:labelAnimal/rdfs:label restrictedBy Restriction onProperty rdf:resource=#parent/ cardinality2/cardinality