Attachment.ppt

Attachment Behaviorist Approach to Attachment The Effects of Blanket Attachment on Play Behaviorist Approach to Attachment Psychoanalytic Approach to Attachment Cognitive-DevelopmentalApproach to Attachment Ethological Approach to Attachment The Strange Situation Procedure Patterns of Attachment * What are emotional attachments Theories of attachment Behaviorist approach Dependency and drive reduction model Operant conditioning model Problems with the models Psychoanalytic approach Freud’s theory Erikson’s theory Cognitive-developmental approach Ethological approach Background of the theory The developmental course of attachment The “preattachment phase” The “attachment in the making phase” The phase of “clearcut attachment” The formation of a reciprocal relationship Measurement of attachment The “strange situation” Patterns of attachment Secure Insecure – avoidant Insecure – resistant/ambivalent Insecure - disorganized Factors affecting attachment Maternal deprivation and institutionalization Quality of care-giving Infant characteristics The importance of feeding and drive reduction Elicits positive responses Mothers provide infants with additional comforts, such as warmth, vocalizations All occur in single setting Mom becomes source of reinforcement The importance of feeding and drive reduction Elicits positive responses Mothers provide infants with additional comforts, such as warmth, vocalizations All occur in single setting Mom becomes source of reinforcement Operant Conditioning model Infants look, smile, and seek proximity because mom reciprocates with smiles, hugs The greater number of behaviors that get reinforced by particular person, the more one is attached to that person Freudian approach Similar to drive reduction Become attached to person who satisfies basic biological drives (typically Mom) Relationship with Mom then prototype for romantic relationships throughout life Erikson’s approach 1st developmental stage: birth – 1 yr: Trust vs. mistrust