（北师大版）2015届高考英语基础复习 语法突破专题六 情态动词[ 高考].docVIP

情态动词在最近几年的高考语法填空中还没有直接考查过，但这并不意味着今后也不会考。另外，熟练掌握情态动词的用法，对准确理解语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解、听力理解中含有情态动词的句子是很有益处的，在写作中也可能会用到情态动词，因此，我们应当学好情态动词。尤其要掌握好常用情态动词的用法。　　　 一、9大情态动词的基本用法 情态动词 主要用法 典句例示 can/could 表示能力 He can play table tennis quite well. 表示理论上的可能性，“有时候可能会” Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes. 表示请求和允许表示请求，口语中常用could代替can ①You can have my seat.Im going now. ②Could you give me a hand？ may/might 表示请求、允许、许可，might比may的语气更委婉 ①You may use my dictionary. ②Might I have a look at your new computer？ must 表示“必须；应该” We must study hard and make progress every day. 表示“偏要，硬要”做某事 If you must smoke，please go out. shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见 Shall I open the door？ 用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁；此外，当颁布法律、规定时也用shall ①You shall get an answer from me by tomorrow. ②He shall go first，whether he wants or not. ③This law shall come into effect on May lst. should 表示劝告和建议，作“应该”讲 You should learn from each other. 表示惊讶、意外等情绪，意为“竟然” I cant bear that he should speak ill of me. 用在if条件句中，表示可能性很小，但也不是完全不可能 If anyone should come，say Im not at home. will/would 用于表示意志或意愿 I have told him again and again to stop smoking，but he will not listen. 表示“请求；建议”。用would比will委婉、客气些 Would you like some more coffee？ 表示习惯：will可以表示现在的习惯，意为“总是；习惯于”。表示过去的习惯性动作用would ①She will sit for hours reading in the afternoon. ②When he was young，he would listen to music alone in his room. 表示事物的某种性质和倾向 Wood will float on the water. 续表 need 表示“需要；必要”，用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中 —Need we take the test？—No，we neednt. dare 表示“敢；敢于”，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用于肯定句。I dare say是习惯说法，意为“我想，大概” How dare you talk like that？ ought to 表示义务，意为“应当”，语气比should强，表示不十分肯定或含蓄的推测，意为“应是，应该 ” ①Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations. ②He ought to be home by now. 二、3组易混情态动词用法比较 情态动词 主要用法 典句例示 can(could)/ be able to can/could can只有现在式和过去式could，表示一般能力 I am starving to death.I can eat two bowls of rice. be able to 有更多的形式，was/were able to表示通过努力、克服困难做成某事 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. mu