《unit 3 Grammar》课件三十六（23张PPT）（人教版选修7）.pptVIP

由动词加－ing词尾构成， 否定结构: 把not放在doing前面。即not doing sth. ／not having done sth. 1、V-ing可具有时态意义 有一般式（doing）和完成式（having done）之分。 She is proud of being beautiful．她为自己的美丽而骄傲。（同时） I am thinking of going to the Industrial Exhibition this afternoon． 我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后）  我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。 I apologize for not having kept my promise． （之前发生） 他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。 He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country． （之前发生）  2、V-ing可具有语态意义 如果-ing与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，需用其被动形式（being done，having been done）。 其否定形式是：not being done, not having been done 例如： 他们无法忍受这样的待遇。 They couldn‘t stand being treated like that． （与其逻辑主语They构成被动关系) 我听说他被选为那个队的教练。 I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team． （与其逻辑主语his构成被动关系) 但是 1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，但如果用不定式则用被动式。 例如： The flowers in the garden want watering．花园里的花需要浇水了。（比较：The flowers in the garden want to be watered．） That‘s one of those questions that really don’t need answering．那是一个那种真的不需回答的问题。（比较：The questions don‘t need to be answered．）  2） 在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。 例如： 他的提议值得考虑 His suggestion is worth considering. 此句可转换成： His suggestion is worthy to be considered. 　　 3） allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用V-ing形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。 我不允许他在此地游泳。 I don’t allow him to swim here. 　 １.Some foods are eaten without ____________. A. well absorbing B. being well absorbed C. absorbing D .well absorbed ２.Articles(物品) used by patients must be disinfected(消毒) before ___________ others. A. using B. being used by C. used by D. being using ３.He attended the party without _______. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited ４Rebecca was unhappy for _____ the first chance to go abroad. 　A. not having been given B. not having given C. not giving