生物柴油调合对其低温流动性能的改善.pdfVIP

第39卷 第3期 燃摇 料摇 化摇 学摇 学摇 报 Vol.39 No.3 2011年3月 Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology Mar. 2011 文章编号:0253鄄2409(2011)03鄄0189鄄05 生物柴油调合对其低温流动性能的改善 吕摇 涯,李摇 骏,欧阳福生 (华东理工大学 石油加工研究所,上海摇 200237) 摘摇 要:为了了解生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯组成对其低温流动性能的影响,探索改善其流动性能的方法,以大豆油、花生油和牛 油为原料合成了大豆油甲酯、花生油甲酯和牛油甲酯,测定了它们的脂肪酸甲酯组成和低温流动性能。 结果表明,长碳链饱 和脂肪酸甲酯的含量是影响生物柴油低温流动性能的主要因素。 通过对混合生物柴油流动性能的测定,发现可以通过不同 来源生物柴油的调合改善其流动性能。 对于一些高倾点生物柴油,通过油品调合改善低温流动性能的效果比添加石化柴油 降凝剂的效果明显。 此外,通过偏振光显微镜观察生物柴油的结晶形态,分析了脂肪酸甲酯的结晶机理。 关键词:生物柴油;脂肪酸甲酯;低温流动性能;流动性能改进剂 中图分类号:TQ64摇 摇 文献标识码:A Effect of biodiesels blending on their low鄄temperature fluidity L譈 Ya,LI Jun,OUYANG Fu鄄sheng (Research Centre of PetroleumProcessing,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai摇 200237,China) Abstract:In order to know the influence of the composition of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) on the low鄄 temperature fluidity of biodiesel,and to find the way to improve it,the soybean oil methyl ester,peanut oil methyl ester and tallow oil methyl ester were synthesized from soybean oil,peanut oil and tallow oil. Their FAME composition and low鄄temperature fluidity have been determined. The results show that saturated long chain FAMEsare the main reason to influence the fluidity of biodiesel. The fluidity of biodiesel blends suggests that mixing FAMEs from different sources would decrease its pour point(PP) and cold filter plugging point (CFPP). The improvement of fluidity by blending is greater than that of adding fluidity improver into high鄄PP biodiesels. Furthermore,the mechanism of crystallization of FAME wasanalyzed by observation from polarized light microscope. Key words:biodiesel oil;fatty acid methyl ester;low鄄temperature fluidity;fluidity improver 摇 摇 主要成分是脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)的生物柴油, 其中脂肪酸甲酯的种类和含量有关。 改善低温流动 作为柴油机的燃料有