水资源短缺的定义及其测度.pdfVIP

22 4 Vol . 22 No. 4 2006 7 WATER RESOURCES PROTECTION Jul. 2006 ( , 710061) : 水资源短缺包括存量短缺与流量短缺两 个层面存量短缺指 因为水资源存量因素导致的物种种群下 降状况下的水资源存量与物种种群数量不致下降 的水资源存量之间的正缺口! 流量短缺指 在居民可以 接受的价格下, 水资源需求量与保证人类一定生活质量且无水资源浪费条件下水资源需求量的正缺口! 在 此定义下, 提出了确定水资源存量短缺的公式用类似于恩格尔系数的方法, 提出测度水流量短缺程度的公 式用经济学原理, 解释了水资源短缺的观念及其测度公式 : 水资源; 缺水; 恩格尔系数 :TV213 :A : 2006) Definition and measurement of water resource deficiency XIA Chengxiang (School of Economics, Xi∀ an University of Finance and Economics, Xi∀ an 710061, China) Abstract :Water resources def c ency ncludes storage def c ency and flow def c ency. Storage def c ency s the d fference between water storages under such c rcumstances that the b od vers ty ser ously decl nes due to the factor of water storage and that the b od vers ty does not decl ne. And the flow def c ency s the d fference between the demands for water resources at an acceptable pr ce and the demands to ensure a certa n l v ng standard of humanbe ngs w thout waste of water resources. The formula for storage def c ency s proposed accord ng to the def n t on , wh le the formula for flow def c ency s developed analogously to Engel coeff c ent. The def n t ons and formulas as the mean ngs of the concept of water def c ency are expla ned accord ng to econom c pr nc ples as well. Key words:water resources; water def c ency; Engel coeff c ent , , [ 12] GB 50282 , , 98#∃ , [ 3] : ( ) , ; , , , [ 4] ; , , , , , , , , [ 56] !, , , , , : ( 1964 ) , , , , Ema l: x cx 59@ msn. com % 88 %