毕业设计（论文）-石油炼化企业设备安全分析.doc

摘 要 随着经济全球化和我国全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放，中国石油企业面临更加激烈的竞争，因此石油行业安全事故也不再是能源行业的一种简单的行业性事故，而是可能成为危机人民正常生活的公共性灾难，也会造成巨大的社会影响，例如松花江水质污染事件引起了国际的广泛关注，不仅损害了中国石油企业形象，也造成了不良的国际影响。对于中国石油特大企业的安全管理人们不禁质疑：理应作为中国国企安全管理典范的特大型企业代表的中国石油，究竟是什么原因使其安全管理业绩与它创造的经济利润如此的相差悬殊，是管理基础薄弱，还是安全投入不足，还是根本上安全管理体制出了问题看，值得我们重新审视。 因此，安全生产和劳动保护是发展社会主义市场经济、强化社会主义企业管理的重要组成部分，也是流程工业生产必须遵循的一条基本准则。石油化工生产是一个连续的流程生产过程，这一过程的安全问题直接关系到企业生产设备与人员的安全，这对环境保护具有不可忽视的影响。本次论文的选择这个题目进行写作，主要针对工业生产中大量使用的压力容器、压力管道等，不仅包括安全分析的基本知识，也有各种安全管理方法在压力容器和压力管道中的应用。 关键词：压力容器；压力管道；危险化学品；设备安全Abstract The explanation of outline to distillation method of the crude oil and craft characteristic of the atmospheric pressure tower was did in this paper． It introduces the basic principle of the distillation technology with a series of characteristic． It also describes the range of industrial application of distillation technology and developing prospect domestically as well as internationally and the future research trend are pointed out． On the basis of estimation of physical properties data and tray temperature self-tuning technology， a rigorous model is presented， the paper is designed for processing light Da Qing crude oil．It has greater flexibilities both in operation and products slates， and havecalculation of craft parameter about the atmospheric pressure tower by every known condition．The second part is the structure calculations，which calculate the physical dimension and type of every part of atmospheric pressure tower according to the craft parameters calculated in the front．The third part is the examination for the intensity．It is the key that proves whether the atmospheric pressure towers designed accord with the standard and could be put into production the following conclusion was known by research: the targets， which every performance index accords with the standard and the structure is arranged rationally，can increase capacity，save energy，raise product quality and recovery rate， stabilize production process etc． Key word: distill