毕业设计（论文）-年产25kt的甲醇氧化制甲醛的工艺设计.docVIP

摘 要 本设计以96.5%甲醇为原料年产2.5万吨37%甲醛水溶液的生产工艺初步设计。对甲醛的性质和发展阶段等相关信息做了简要的阐述。根据设计要求对甲醛生产工艺流程进行了选择与论证，对整个甲醛生产过程进行了物料与能量的衡算，对主要设备和管道进行了设计及选型，同时对以浮石银催化剂甲醛生产工艺的流程、安全生产与“三废”治理作了相关讨论和介绍。同时也在甲醛生产工艺方面做出了改进，在第一吸收塔后设立两个冷凝器，用以能量回收循环利用。 本次设计根据我国甲醛工业的发展现状和甲醛生产的成熟工艺选择了以呼和浩特市地理、气候等条件建厂，采取浮石银催化剂甲醇氧化生产甲醛工艺。采用高浓度的甲醇作为原料以提高甲醇的转化率和甲醛的选择性、收率等。本次设计为初步设计。 关键词：甲醛；甲醇；氧化；浮石银 Abstract The design of the 96.5% annual output 25,000 tons of methanol as a raw material aqueous solution of formaldehyde 37% preliminary design of the production process. On the nature and stage of development of formaldehyde and other related information gives a brief exposition. According to the design requirements of the formaldehyde production process for the selection and demonstration of the formaldehyde production process the material and energy balance, the main equipment and pipelines in the design and selection, while silver catalyst for formaldehyde in pumice production process process, safety and the three wastes treatment were related to discussions and presentations. Also in formaldehyde production process has made improvements in the first two established after the cold absorber, recycling for energy recovery. The design according to the status quo of China industrial development of formaldehyde and formaldehyde production of mature technology chosen to Hohhot geography, climate and other conditions of factories, pumice silver catalyst to produce methanol, formaldehyde oxidation process. High concentrations of methanol as a raw material in order to enhance methanol conversion and formaldehyde selectivity, yield and so on. The design for the preliminary design. Keywords: formaldehyde; methanol; oxidation; pumice stone silver 目录 引言 3 第一章 甲醛生产简介 3 1.1甲醛的性质和用途 3 1.2甲醛的生产工艺简介 3 1.2.1甲缩醛氧化法 3 1.2.2二甲醚氧化法 3 1.2.3低碳烷烃直接氧化法 3 1.2.4银催化剂法 3 1.2.5铁钼催化剂法 3 1.3甲醛主要生产工艺的比较与选择 3 1.3.1生产工艺比较 3 1.3.2银催化法生产甲醛 3 1.4银法甲醛工艺路线改进 3 第二章 物料衡算 3 2.1主要工艺指标 3 2.2甲醛、甲醇物料衡算 3 2.2.1产品产量及其组成 3 2.2.2原料投入量 3 2.2.3尾气中各组分含量的计算 3 2.2.4校核 3 2.2.5主要设备物