毕业设计（论文）-超声检测技术.docVIP

摘 要 超声检测技术是无损检测领域中的一种非常重要的方法，已被广泛地应用于在线质 量控制、在役设备和关键零部件的安全监测之中。超声检测的数字化已经成为超声检测 仪器发展的必然趋势。 本文利用 EPLD 强大的实时逻辑处理功能、易于利用的 I/O 端口和高速处理能力， 借助单片机 MCU 面向控制、体积小、成本低、可靠性高、运用灵活等特点，开发了一 个便携式数字化超声检测仪器。实现了检测过程的信号发射、接收、放大、噪声处理、 数据采集、回波图形显示、缺陷判定、以及检测结果存储、回放和输出，解决了传统超 声检测无记录等问题，减少了人为因素的影响。利用数字信号处理技术，提高了信噪比， 提高了检测的可靠性，为成像检测奠定了良好的基础。 在超声检测仪器开发中，采用了模块化的设计方案，提高了系统的易维护性；选用 了低噪声、低漂移、高精度、高可靠性的集成电路芯片，提高了系统的可靠性；采用大 屏幕的液晶显示器、触摸式功能键盘、中文菜单化的操作界面等，实现了良好的人机界 面。该仪器具有检测精度高、结构简单、操作方便，成本低廉、体积小、重量轻等特点。 关 键 词：超声检测；便携式；数字化；EPLD； A/D 转换器 研究类型：应用研究  ABSTRACT Ultrasonic testing is a very important method of NDT (Non-destructive Testing). It has been widely used to control the quality of on-line product, and to inspect equipments and some important parts used. The research of the digital ultrasonic testing device has become inevitable trend in world. Using the advantages of EPLD (Erasable Programmable Logic Device) which has powerful logic function easily operating I/O ports, high speed operation ability, and by means of MCU (Microcomputer Control Units) which has small volume, low price, high dependability, using agility, a portable digital ultrasonic testing device is developed. The functions of signal emmitting, incepting, magnifying, data collecting and processing, displaying graphics, determinant defects, as well data saving and outputting are realized. The saving problem of traditional ultrasonic testing is solved, and some infection factors of handlers are reduced. In virtue of technology of digital analysis and processing，the Signal-to-Noise is progressed, and testing reliability is improved. A very good foundation is established for the research of ultrasonic image testing. In developing ultrasonic testing device, the blocking designing method is used, system maintainability is progressed. Integrate circuits of lower noise, lower excursion, higher precision and higher dependability is chosen, reliability of hardware system is insured. The big screen of LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), a touch keyb