毕业设计（论文）-基于PLC的铁路煤炭运输抑尘机流量控制系统.docVIP

毕业论文 基于PLC的 铁路煤炭运输抑尘机流量控制系统 摘要 铁路煤炭运输是煤炭运输的主要手段，一般采用敞车运输。在运输过程中，由于风力等原因会将煤粉吹离车体，导致沿线煤尘污染和煤炭损失。据统计，在运输过程中，煤损耗约为1%。目前，阻止煤炭散落的有效方法为喷洒抑尘剂法，其中自动喷洒系统应用得比较广泛。为防止抑尘机在喷洒过程造成喷洒不均匀和资源浪费等情况，本文设计了一个基于PLC的铁路煤炭运输抑尘剂流量控制系统。 该流量控制系统由监视管理层、中间控制层和现场执行层组成。监视管理层由工控计算机、可编程控制器PLC及其配套设备构成，配以图形用户界面，负责监视PLC摆臂式喷洒装置的参数设置和下层设备的状态、机车车辆识别工作，监视喷洒作业情况。中间控制层是核心层，负责控制现场执行设备和算法的执行，采用高性能可编程PLC，对现场进行网络控制，控制变频器以实现喷洒流量的恒压和流量大小的调整。现场执行层由电机、变频器、测速雷达、视频头等基础设备构成。 本设计成了基于PLC的铁路煤炭运输抑尘剂流量控制系统的设计，通过采用计算机网络技术和自动化技术，实现对各种设备的智能控制，达到最佳工况要求；通过变频技术，实现车速和喷洒流量的匹配，使用中节电效果显著。该系统可以在车辆行进中喷洒，无需人工现场参与，起到抑制扬尘，保护环境及减少运输损耗的作用。 关键字：流量控制 PLC 变频技术 Abstract Rail transportation of coal generally using the gondola car transport is the primary means of coal transporting . During the transportation , the coal dust pollution and coal losses are getting worse due to wind and other reasons . At present, an effective way to prevent the coal is scattering dust suppressants . So an automatic sprinkler system is applied more widely . The automatic sprinkler system consists of monitoring management, middle control layer and field execution level . The Monitoring management consists of industrial computers, programmable controller , PLC and its ancillary equipment , together with the graphical user interface , which is responsible for monitoring PLC arm type spray device parameter settings and lower equipment , rolling stock identification work and spraying operations situation. The middle control layer is the core layer which is responsible for the control site performs device and the implementation of the algorithm , using high-performance programmable PLC . Field execution level consists of the motor, inverter, speed radar , video and other primary infrastructure . This design is based on PLC technology, using computer network technology and automation technology , intelligent control of a variety of devices to achieve the optimal conditions required ; using the inverter technology to achive the speed and spray flow matching . Key wor