英语强化训练-作文-理论篇.pptVIP

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英语强化训练-作文-理论篇 主讲: 刘彬 第一讲:大学英语教学大纲[修订本]对写作能力的规定 1. 一般要求: 能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记,回答问题、写提纲.能就一定的话题或提纲在半小时内写出120—150词的短文,能写短信和便条,表达意思清楚,无重大语言错误。   2. 较高要求 能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记、回答问题、写提纲和摘要,能就一定的话题、提纲、表格或图示在半小时内写出150-180词的短文,能写日常应用文(如信函、简历等),内容完整,条理清楚,文理通顺。 第二讲:写作步骤 1 审题:看清答题要求,确定短文的主题和体裁。 例1:Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. A Campaign Speech (1)你认为自己具备什么条件(能力,性格,爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作。 (2)如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么? 例2:Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines: Your role: a tour guide Your audience: a group of foreign tourists Your introduction should include: (1)some welcoming words (2)the schedule for the day (3)a description of the place the tourists will be visiting (e.g. a scenic spot or a historical site, etc.) You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody. 2.构思和提纲 3.?动笔 4. 写作过程注意事项 一篇优秀的短文必须是思想和语言形式的完美结合,因此我们的写作必须从内容和形式两方面着手。而作文的评分原则分为二个方面,一方面是内容,要求作文要紧紧围绕所给提示进行阐述;另一方面是语言,要求作文中语法错误要少,句式有变化,英语要比较地道。另外,写出的短文还必须格式规范,如书信体、图表作文的格式。 第三讲:怎样写好段落 段落( paragraph )是由表达单一中心思想(central idea )的一组句子(包括主题句 topic sentence,扩 句supporting sentences及结论句concluding sentence 构成,是文章结构的基本独立单位。本讲我们将 主题句和中心思想这两个方面展开讨论。 1.2 如何写好主题句中的关键词 1.3 如何写好主题句的中心思想 一、段落发展的几种方法 1. 列举法(details)   作者运用列举法,是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释,列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。 例10:Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didnt hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didnt read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my ne

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