否定句的标记特征_王相锋.pdfVIP

# 54 # ( ) 1997 4 ( 110 ) 王相锋 [ Abstract] Negatives in discourse differ greatly from their corresponding affirmatives in markedness. The paper is intended to argue for the markedness of negatives as against their corresponding affirmatives. Negatives are subject to three restrictions: the restriction on referential indefinites; therestriction on the embeddingof other constituents within negatives and therestriction on theembedding of negatives within other structures. T he author suggests that themarkedness is rooted in their pragmaticpresuppositions and the un- derstanding of negatives is grounded in theperception and selection of the figure / ground relationship involved. , ( , 1993) ( , , 1994) ( 1) (2) , ( 3) , , : - , ( 1) Ipm not his daughter ) ) ) heps my father. , (2) The Bottle isnpt half empty, you , pessimist, itps half full. , ( 3) I donpt like tea. I prefer coffee. ( ) , 2. 1 标记理论简介 (markedness) , 30 , T rubetzkoy, N. S The Pr incip l es of Phonology ( 1958) , , , / t/ / k/ , / d/ / g/ 3. 1 相对于和其相对应的肯定句, 否定句具 / ( private opposites) , 有明显的标记特征