Chapter 3 Data Link Layer.ppt

Ch. 3　Data Link Layer Chapter 3　Data Link Layer 3.1 Data Link Layer Design Issues 3.2 Error Detection and Correction 3.3 Elementary Data Link Protocols 3.4 Sliding Windows Protocols 3.5 Protocol Specification and Verification 3.6 Example Data Link Protocols 3.1 Data Link Layer Design Issues 3.1.1 Services Provided to the Network Layer 3.1.2 Framing 3.1.3 Error Control 3.1.4 Flow Control 3.1.1 Services Provided to the Network Layer (1) 3.1.1 Services Provided to the Network Layer (2) Three reasonable services: Unacknowledged Connectionless Acknowledged Connectionless Acknowledged Connection-Oriented Example Routers connected by point-to-point leased telephone lines 1: Hardware in Physical Layer 2: Software inData Link Layer 3: Software in Network Layer 3.1.2 Framing (1) Framing To break the bit stream into discrete frames To specify destination and source addresses To compute the checksum for each frame To include other control messages … How to distinguish frames (to mark the start and the end of a frame)? (1) Character count (2) Starting and ending characters, with character stuffing (3) Starting and ending flags, with bit stuffing (4) Physical layer coding violation (5) Hybrid 3.1.2 Framing (2) (1) Character count 3.1.2 Framing (3) (2) Starting and ending characters, with character stuffing IBM BISYNC 3.1.2 Framing (4) (3) Starting and ending flags, with bit stuffing IBM SDLC 3.1.2 Framing (5) (4) Physical layer coding violation 3.1.3 Error Control (1) To ensure reliable delivery for reliable services The sender put error detection code in the data frame; And the receiver checks and sends back an acknowledgement (ACK, 回覆) (a) Positive ACK (正回覆, PACK) * If the data is correct, then the receiver ACKs;If the data is not correct, then the receiver does not ACK. If the sender receives the PACK, then it can send the next data frame. * Widely used 3.1.3 Error Control (2) [Problem 1] What if the frame is not correct or the frame is lost? No PACK is sent at