Final Review.ppt

Inheritance and Polymorphism Key Concepts Inheritance Function redefining, function overloading Polymorphism Virtual function, abstract function, abstract class Dynamic casting Upcasting, downcasting * * Class Inheritance Syntax: B A 基类 父类 超类 Base Parent Super-Class 派生类 子类 Derived-Class Child class DerivedClass : acckeyword BaseClass{…}; class A: public B{ public: … private: … }; B A * Accessibility after Inheritance Accessibility in Base Inheritance Accessibility in Derived public public public protected protected private ╳ public protected protected protected protected private ╳ public private private protected private private ╳ Constructor/Destructor in Inheritance The constructors of a base class are not inherited Calling base class constructors No-Arg Constructor in Base Class Constructor and Destructor Chaining * Circle::Circle(double radius, string color, bool filled) :GeometricObject(color, filled) { this-radius = radius; } class A: public B{ … }; class ME: public A, public C{ ... D d; }; Invoking order of constructors: B, A, C, D, ME Invoking order of destructors: in reverse order * Redefining vs. Overloading Overloading(重载) Redefining(重定义) Similarity More than one function The same name Difference Different signature (parameter list) Maybe different type (return type) The same signature The same type To provide various choices To shield/hide the original function circle1.GeometricObject::toString(); Polymorphism Dynamic binding Counterpart: static binding Two elements Virtual function Pointer of base class ? * int main(){ HM * hm = new HM(); hm-show(); delete hm; hm = new CN(); hm-show(); delete hm; hm = new CT(); hm-show(); delete hm; } Human Chinese Cantonese Polymorphism (多态) Upcasting and Downcasting * Virtual Function If a function is defined virtual in a base class, it is automatically virtual in all its derived classes class C { public: virtual string