Unit 1 Module 5.ppt

Unit 1 Module 5 Grammar and usage To-infinitive and Verb-ing form as a noun 1.动名词的句法功能：动名词由动词加ing构成，与现在分词的形式相同。动名词主要起名词作用，在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。 ①作主语，可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代词it作为形式主语，而把动名词后置。 Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) Collecting stamps is a good hobby. (单个动名词短语作主语时，动词用单数) 动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法： It is no use (good) + 动名词：做某事没用(不好) It’s no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收) It’s no good spitting in public. There is no + 动名词 (= It is impossible to do sth.) There is no knowing what may happen.（未来的事无法知道） ②作表语：通常是说明主语的内容，注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别 His hobby is collecting stamps. (此句为SVC结构) 可改为：Collecting stamps is his hobby. Cf. He is collecting stamps. (is collecting是谓语动词进行时，此句为SVO结构) 不能改为：Collecting stamps is he. 2005年上海卷No.32 He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he could not risk _____ the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 2006年北京卷No.35. I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _____ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. To work; to stop * * Part 1 To-infinitive 1.to do as a subject The cat said, “To take roller coaster is terrible ”. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。 The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster! 过山车. wmv 不定式作主语常见句型： a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式 b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame…) + 不定式 c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式 It requires patience to be a good teacher. It’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of Nanjing No.3 Middle School. 2.to do as a predictive Our most important task now is to make a plan. 当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 Now the only thing we can