考研阅读辅导3.pptVIP

二 推断题 全文推理题 段落推理题 细节推理题 推理判断题 在阅读中，人们首先理解的是语言的字面意思。然而语言所表达的内容常常超过其字面意义。阅读的目的不仅仅是只读懂原文，还应做到能从文章的字里行间“读出”作者虽未说明，但意欲表达的意图，这就是我们通常所说的言外之意。由于篇幅或其他原因，作者常对某些问题一带而过，有时只给出一些暗示(hints)，这就要求考生掌握逻辑判断和推理的方法，运用良好的综合判断以及语言本身的内在联系，在理解原文的基础上，作出符合作者愿意的推断。在阅读中，这种判断，推理和引申的能力相当重要。考生只有具备这种能力，才有可能理解文章中语言上没有明确表达却又隐含的意思。 1 推理题 推理原则 1. 推理,其实还是同义转化,但它是句子层面的转化. 2.推理应使用最普通的逻辑,特殊情况不能用来做推理的准则. 3.推理只能在原文提供的证据范围内推理,而不能按照自己的经验推理. 4. 推理,只能进行一步推理,切忌推得太远,甚至一推到底. 推理题常见形式 全文推理 The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S. ________.(2006) We can infer from the text tht Americans have a history of ______.(2004) 细节推理题 1. We can infer from Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that______.(2007) According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as _____.(2006) One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society” is not on the horizon-it’s already here. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that_____. A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before C Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry. Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, “with a mind