试论农民对农业遗传资源权利.pdfVIP

种业知识产权研讨会 1 暨第六届全国农业知识产权论坛 试论农民对农业遗传资源的权利 谭艳 2 宋敏 1,2 （1 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 2 中国农业科学院农业知识产权研究中心 北京 100081） 摘 要： 自1989年正式提出农民权利的概念后，经过漫长谈判，2001年通过的《粮食和农 业植物遗传资源国际条约》(ITPGRFA)再次确立了农民权利的基础并提出了在国家层面可采取 的保护和加强农民权利的措施。但一直以来农民权利的实施进展缓慢，对农民权利定义的理解 出现分化。本文详细地介绍了农民权利的依据，分析了《条约》有关实施农民权利的措施，并 以印度为例，介绍了国家层面农民权利的实施并总结了其经验教训，以期为我国研究和实施农 民权利提供参考。 关键词：农民权利；ITPGRFA ；传统知识知识产权 Discussion on the Farmers’Rights of Genetic Resources for Agriculture Yan Tan2 Min Song1,2 (1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning 2. China Center for Intellectual Property in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081) Abstract ：Since the concept of Farmers Rights was formally put forward in 1989, after a long negotiation, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) passed in 2001again recognized the basis of Farmers Rights and suggested certain measures which could be adopted at national level to protect and promote Farmers Rights. However, the progress has been slow ，and the understanding of the definition of such rights has become divided. This paper introduces in detail the rationale of farmers rights, analyzes the measures relating to the implementation of Farmers Rights, and taking India as an example, this paper introduces its practices of realizingsuch rights and summarizes its experience and lessons ，with a view to provide reference for research and implementation of Farmers Rights in China. Keywords: Farmers Rights;ITPGRFA;Traditional knowledge;Intellectualproperty 一、农民权利概念的提出 农民权利这一概念源于 （联合国粮农组织）FAO