Passive voice.ppt

4. 常用被动的一些句式。 “It is said that…”（据说……）， “It is reported that …”（据报道……）， “It is well known that …”（众所周知…） It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner. 据说她要嫁给一个外国人。 It is generally considered impolite to ask ones age, salary, marriage, etc.. 问别人的年龄、工资、婚姻状况等通常被认为是不礼貌的。 5. need, require, want, be worth后用动名词。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth seeing. * Passive voice 被动语态的定义： 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。 被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 一. 何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者: ① His bike was stolen. ② He was wounded in the fight. 2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者时: ① Paper is made from wood. ② Do you know when the building was built? 3. 需要强调动作的承受者时: ① Pairs is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. ② This painting was painted by him. 二. 被动语态的构成 1. be + done构成被动语态, done可以带by短语。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的形式，过去分词不变。 be + done也可以是系表结构形式, 而系表结构中done相当于adj.不带by短语。 Such questions are settled by us. (被动语态) The question is settled. (系表结构) 2. 许多verbs (broken, interested, shut, worried), 既可以用做adj., 也可以在被动语态结构中做过去分词, 句中如果有by, 通常是被动语态。 ① I was worried about you all night. (表状态) I was worried by mosquitoes all night. (表动作) ② The glass was broken by Jack. (表动作) The glass is broken. (表状态) 三. 不同形式的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态是由“am / is / are? + 及物动词的过去分词”构成，如： Amy is considered to be the best singer in the group. Customers are advised to buy their tickets in advance. 一般过去时的被动语态是由“was / were? + 及物动词的过去分词”构成，如： The local cinema was closed down three years ago. When they got to the police station, they were immediately questioned. 温馨提示 1. 不及物(短语)动词没有被动语态。 2. 某些及物(短语)动词，如have, fit, equal, cost, wish, look like, be