浅论戴震的性善说.docVIP

论戴震的性善说  摘  要  戴震是十八世纪杰出的哲学家。学界对戴学的研究不断深入，但是专 门系统探讨他的性善学说仍然较为少见。戴震的性善说是他哲学理论的重 要组成部分，体现了他对人本身的关注，对个体生命的关怀。戴震的性善 说以理气一元的气本论思想为基础，建立了血气心知的自然人性论，论证 了性的本质唯气而已。在此基础上，戴震由气善论性善，并提出性善是就 人性而言的，性由才呈，性善才美。戴震性善说的本体与其工夫也是一致 的。性善说的工夫立足于自然的人性之善，由尽人之理的指向目标进行引 导，通过实践不断向善发展，强恕去私，学以解蔽，最终达至仁智统一的 理想人格。戴震的性善说是传统儒学向现代儒学转变过程中，儒学理论自 我更新的理论形态。把握这一理论体系有助于认识儒学自我更新和转向的 内在规律。 关键词：戴震；性善；本体论；工夫论 On Dai Zhen’s Theory of the Goodness of Human Nature Abstract Dai Zhen is a prominent philosopher in the 18th century. Although the academia is deepening studies on Dai Zhen at present, it is still relatively rare to explore his theory on the goodness of human nature specially and systematically. Dai Zhens theory on the goodness of human nature is an important part in his philosophy, it embodies that he is focus on human themselves and care for the individual life .Dai Zhen’s theory on the goodness of human nature is based on his Chi Ontology, and established the natural theory of human nature ,demonstrated the essence of human nature is Chi .On the basis of this ,Dai Zhen argues the goodness of human nature by the goodness of Chi , proposed that the goodness of human nature is just in terms of human nature ,human nature reflected by talent ,and it will be beautiful when human nature is goodness. The ontology is consistent with the theory of cultivation in Dai Zhen’s the goodness of human nature. The theory of cultivation is based on his natural goodness of human nature ,lead by Idea, then developed to goodness through practice, he thought that we can eliminate selfish desire by emphasize forgive and solve the unknown by study, finally reach ideal personality(that is the unit of human-heartedness and wiseness ).The goodness of human nature is a self updated theoretical form of the Confucianism theory .So grasp the this system it can help us know the self updated of the Confucianism and turn to the inner law of the Confucianism. Key Words: Dai Zhen；the goodness of human nature；ontology；the theor