大规模MIMO多用户系统中的导频调度和预编码方法.docVIP

大规模MIMO多小区TDD系统中的预编码策略和导频调度 摘要：上行导频污染是大规模MIMO多小区多用户TDD系统的主要性能瓶颈。本文推导了下行链路中MF、ZF单小区预编码、基于MMSE的多小区预编码以及基于最大化SLNR准则的预编码策略在有导频污染的大规模MIMO下的系统可达和速率渐近性能，发现当基站天线数趋向无穷时，各个策略的等效信干比均收敛到仅与大尺度衰落因子相关的一个比值，由此可以得到一个系统可达和速率的渐近结果。基于此渐近结果，以最大化系统可达和速率为目标，获得了一个导频调度方案，即使得小区间相互干扰较小的用户采用相同的导频而相互干扰较大的用户采用正交的导频，从而在存在导频污染的情况下，可以提升系统的整体性能。理论分析和数值仿真结果都验证了以上结论。 关键字：大规模MIMO；导频污染；多小区；TDD系统；预编码 中图分类号：TN911.22 文献标示码：A 文章编号： Precoding and Pilot Scheduling in Very Large MIMO Multi-Cell TDD Systems Abstract：The performance of very large MIMO multi-cell time division duplexing system is bottlenecked by the problem of uplink pilot contamination. The asymptotic achievable sum rate of precoding schemes, including Matched Filter (MF), single-cell Zero-Forcing (ZF), multi-cell Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE)-based and maximize Signal-Leakage-Noise Ratio (SLNR)-based, with large arrays in downlink was investigated. As the antenna of base station grows without limit, the effective signal-to-interference ratio of each precoder converges to a ratio only associated with large scale fading coefficients, from which an asymptotic result of achievable sum rate of system can be achieved. A pilot scheduling scheme was proposed by maximizing the system achievable sum rate, which making users among cells with weak interference using same pilots while users with strong interference using orthogonal pilots. It could enhance the performance of system in the presence of pilot contamination. The theoretical analysis and numerical?results both verified the results. Key words: Very Large Multiple-Input Multiple-Output; Pilot Contamination; Multi-Cell; Time Division Duplexing system; Precoding引言 多用户MIMO（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output）系统中下行链路模型MIMO广播信道（Broadcast Channels，BC）已经在很多文献中被研究了。已经证明当发射机具有理想信道信息（Channel State Information, CSI）时，MIMO-BC的容量能通过脏纸编码（Dirty-Paper Coding，DPC）获得[1]-[4]。但是在实际系统中，由于信道快速变化使得获得的信道信息的有效时间很短，并且当考虑基站配置大量天线时，脏纸编码的实现因为复杂度几乎是不可行的。寻找到可接受的性能与复杂度折中的次优预编码策略则成为一个重要的研究方向。 通常在一个多小区多用户系统中设计预编码时，基