2016高考化学一轮总复习 排查落实练2（含解析）.docVIP

排查落实练二　常考易错的50个离子方程式书写再落实1. 向水中通入氯气：_____________________________________答案：Cl2＋H2OH＋＋Cl－＋HClO 2. 实验室制备氯气：_______________________________________________________ 答案：MnO2＋4H＋＋2Cl－Mn2＋＋Cl2↑＋2H2O 3. 工业制漂白粉：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Cl2＋Ca(OH)2===Ca2＋＋ClO－＋Cl－＋H2O 4. 工业制备氯气：_______________________________________________________ 答案：2Cl－＋2H2OCl2↑＋H2↑＋2OH－ 5. NH4HCO3溶液与过量的KOH浓溶液共热：_______________________________________________________ 答案：NH＋HCO＋2OH－NH3↑＋CO＋2H2O 6. NH4HCO3溶液与足量的Ba(OH)2溶液混合共热：_______________________________________________________ 答案：NH＋HCO＋Ba2＋＋2OH－NH3↑＋BaCO3↓＋2H2O 7. MgSO4溶液与Ba(OH)2溶液反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Mg2＋＋2OH－＋SO＋Ba2＋===BaSO4↓＋Mg(OH)2↓ 8. 向NaHCO3溶液中加入过量澄清石灰水：_______________________________________________________ 答案：HCO＋Ca2＋＋OH－===CaCO3↓＋H2O 9. 向澄清石灰水中加入过量NaHCO3溶液：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Ca2＋＋2OH－＋2HCO===CaCO3↓＋CO＋2H2O 10. 向AlCl3溶液中加入过量氨水：_______________________________________________________答案：Al3＋＋3NH3·H2O===Al(OH)3↓＋3NH 11. 向Al2(SO4)3溶液中加入过量NaOH溶液：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Al3＋＋4OH－===AlO＋2H2O 12. 铝与NaOH溶液反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：2Al＋2OH－＋2H2O===2AlO＋3H2↑ 13. 硅与NaOH溶液反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Si＋2OH－＋H2O===SiO＋2H2↑ 14. 大理石溶于醋酸：_______________________________________________________ 答案：CaCO3＋2CH3COOH===Ca2＋＋2CH3COO－＋H2O＋CO2↑ 15. 铜与稀硝酸反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：3Cu＋2NO＋8H＋===3Cu2＋＋2NO↑＋4H2O 16. 明矾溶于水形成胶体：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Al3＋＋3H2OAl(OH)3(胶体)＋3H＋ 17. Fe3O4溶于足量稀硝酸：_______________________________________________________答案：3Fe3O4＋28H＋＋NO===9Fe3＋＋NO↑＋14H2O 18. 铁和过量稀硝酸反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：Fe＋4H＋＋NO===Fe3＋＋NO↑＋2H2O 19. 过量铁粉与稀硝酸反应：_______________________________________________________ 答案：3Fe＋8H＋＋2NO===3Fe2＋＋2NO↑＋4H2O 20. 氧化铝