国际结算缩印版.docVIP

一、 1、国际结算的发展特征（Characteristics of development:） (1) cash settlement to transfer settlement and transaction of documents; (2) banks became the center in the international settlement at the end of 18th century; (3) From payments under simple price terms to payments under more complex price terms; (4) computerized 2、Swift: 定义：society for worldwide interbank financial telecommunications, a computerized international telecommunications system that, through standardized formatted messages, rapidly processes and transmits financial transactions and information among its members around the world. 提供的服务（Services provided by SWIFT）: FIN (Financial Application)报文传送服务 IFT (Interbank File Transfer)银行间数据传送服务 消息流的程序（Procedures of message flow）: An appropriate SWIFT message type is selected, prepared, addressed and released by the sender to the SWIFT network via the bank’s SWIFT interface; The message is then sent to the sender’s local SWIFT Regional Processor; The input Regional Processor forwards the SWIFT message to a Slice Processor; If the message is properly formatted, it is sent to the Receiver’s local SWIFT Regional Processor; The output Regional Processor then sends the message to the receiver. Types of messages 特征（Characteristics of SWIFT）: Quick and cheap; Secure and reliable; Standardized forms. 二、 1、nostro account应收账户: due from account, the foreign currency account of a major bank with the foreign banks abroad to facilitate international payments and settlements. Vostro account应付账户: due to account, the account held by a bank on behalf of a correspondent bank. From the point of view of a Chinese bank, a nostro account is our bank’s account in the book of an overseas bank denominated in foreign currency; and a vostro account is an overseas bank’s account with our bank denominated in RMB. 2、欧元美元清算体系的特点 3、--FEDWIRE: a fund transfer system operated nationwide in the USA by the Federal Reserve System to transfer funds from one financial institution to another with an account