Reprint572全球卫星定位系统(GPS)水汽资料在暴雨临近预报中的发展和应用.pdfVIP

Reprint 572 全球衛星定位系統 (GPS) 水汽資料 在暴雨臨近預報中的發展和應用 李炳華、黎守德 第十九屆粵港澳氣象科技研討會， 中國，廣東陽江，2005 年 3 月1-3 日 料 暴臨 李黎 量切 料 降量 量暴 暴 臨 力 理年 了利 料不 年行 理例 暴理 暴臨 來 Development and Applications of Global Positioning System (GPS) Water Vapour in Rainstorm Nowcasting P.W. Li and Edwin S.T. Lai Hong Kong Observatory Abstract The delay of the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal has high correlation with the water vapour contents in the atmosphere. By studying the zenith delay of the GPS data, we can estimate the vertically integrated precipitable water (PWV). Meanwhile, as an abundance of water vapour is a necessary condition for the occurrence of rainstorm, by monitoring the real-time changes of PWV, forecasters can make an objective assessment on the probability of rainstorm, thereby improving the nowcasting capability. The Hong Kong Observatory in collaboration with the Hong Kong Polytechnic University has recently developed a software for analyzing the local GPS data to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of the PWV. The software, put into operational trial in the rain season of 2004, produced satisfactory results. In selected rainy cases, the software successfully captured rainstorm development and evolution. This paper discusses the design principles of the software, evaluates its performance in terms of rainst