chap07蛋白质翻译.pdfVIP

第七章 蛋白质生物合成 Translation PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 蛋白质生物合成 第一节 蛋白质生物合成概况 第二节 蛋白质生物合成的物质基础及 遗传密码 第二节 蛋白质生物合成的过程 第三节 蛋白质生物合成的干扰和抑制 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version 第一节 蛋白质生物合成概况 PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version Protein Synthesis Proteins make up all living materials PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version Proteins are manufactured (made) by the ribosomes PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version Making a Protein First Step: Copying of genetic information from DNA to RNA called Transcription Why? DNA has the genetic code for the protein that needs to be made, but proteins are made by the ribosomes ribosomes are outside the nucleus in the cytoplasm. DNA is too large to leave the nucleus (double stranded), but RNA can leave the nucleus (single stranded). PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version •mRNA then goes through the pores of the nucleus with the D NA code and attaches to the ribosome. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version Making a Protein Second Step: Decoding of mRNA into a protein is called Translation. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version mRNA carrying the DNA instructions and tRNA carrying amino acids meet in the ribosomes. PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version Amino acids are joined together to make a protein. Polypeptide = Protei