Microbial DiversityGram-Negative Strategies for Survival.ppt

* Microbial Diversity Gram-Negative Strategies for Survival  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????  ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Nitrosomonas vs. Pseudomonas Specialist vs. Jack-of-all-Trades Nitrosomonas europaea Gram-negative, chemoautotroph Specializes in ammonia oxidation. These bacteria are important in the treatment of industrial and sewage waste in the first step of oxidizing ammonia to nitrate. NH3 NO2 NO3 Found in soil, freshwater, sewage, the walls of buildings and on the surface of monuments especially in polluted areas where air contains high levels of nitrogen compounds. Problematic because can reduce availability of nitrogen to plants and hence limit CO2 fixation. Also may contribute significantly to the global production of nitrous oxide. N. europaea strain Schmidt Stan Watson is now completely sequenced. 2715 predicted genes, 2.80 x 106 bp overall G+C content = 50.8% Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gram-negative, chemoheterotroph Versatile Found in soil, marshes, coastal marine habitats, on plants and animals Problematic for cystic fibrosis, burn victims, cancer, ICU patients P. aeruginosa PAO1 is now completely sequenced. - 5570 predicted genes - 6.3 x 106 bp (largest sequenced genome to date) - overall G+C content = 66.6% - isolated regions with lower G+C content may be result of recent horizontal gene transfer - 500 genes are transcriptional regulators or environmental sensors. Has more than twice the number of two-component regulators than E. coli or B. subtilis. Question?? Which of these microbes would you choose as a candidate for potential new natural products or activities? Nitrosomonas vs. Pseudomonas Sequence map of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Sequence map of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1