Chapter 18 The Foot.ppt

Chapter 18: The Foot Jennifer L. Doherty, MS, LAT, ATC Academic Program Director, Entry-Level ATEP Florida International University Acute Care and Injury Prevention Review of Anatomy Arches of the Foot Plantar Fascia Muscles of the Foot and Lower Leg Nerve Supply and Blood Supply Excessive Pronation Major cause of stress injuries Overload of structures during stance phase Prolonged pronation into propulsive phase Results in loose foot Excessive midfoot motion Decreased stability of first ray Increased pressure on metatarsals Increased tibial rotation at knee Excessive Pronation Causes weakness push off Does not allow foot to resupinate to provide rigid lever Less powerful, less efficient force produced Common injuries: 2nd metatarsal stress fracture, Plantar fascitis Posterior tibialis tendinitis, Achilles tendinitis, Tibial stress syndrome, and Medial knee pain Excessive Supination Results in rigid foot Decreased mobility of calcaneocuboid joint Decreased mobility of first ray causing weight absorption on 1st and 5th metatarsals Increased tension of peroneus longus Inefficient shock absorption Common injuries: Inversion sprains, Tibial stress syndrome, Peroneal tendinitis, IT-Band friction syndrome, and Trochanteric bursitis Foot Injuries Etiology Traction injury at apophysis of calcaneus Where Achilles tendon attaches to calcaneous Signs and Symptoms Pain occurs at posterior heel below Achilles attachment Pain occurs during vigorous activity Pain ceases following activity Foot Injuries Apophysitis of the Calcaneus (Sever’s Disease) cont. Management Best treated with ice, rest, stretching and NSAID’s Heel lift could also relieve some stress Foot Injuries Etiology Caused by inflammation of bursa beneath Achilles tendon Result of pressure and rubbing of shoe heel counter Chronic condition that develops over time May take extensive time to resolve Exostosis may also develop Signs and Symptoms Pain with palpation superior and anterior to Achilles in