Chapter 18Control Case Studies.PPT

Chapter 18Control Case Studies Control Systems Considered Temperature control for a heat exchanger Temperature control of a CSTR Composition control of a distillation column pH control Temperature Control for Heat Exchangers Heat Exchangers Exhibit process deadtime and process nonlinearity. Deadtime and gain both increase as tubeside flow decreases. Major disturbances are feed flow and enthalpy changes and changes in the enthalpy of the heating or cooling medium. Inferior Configuration for a Steam Heated Heat Exchanger Analysis of Inferior Configuration This configuration must wait until the outlet product temperature changes before taking any corrective action for the disturbances listed. Preferred Configuration for a Steam Heated Heat Exchanger Analysis of Preferred Configuration For the changes in the steam enthalpy and changes in the feed flow or feed enthalpy, they will cause a change in the heat transfer rate which will in turn change the steam pressure and the steam pressure controller will take corrective action. There this configuration will respond to the major process disturbances before their effect shows up in the product temperature. Modfication to Perferred Configuration Analysis Modfication to Perferred Configuration A smaller less expensive valve can be used for this approach, i.e., less capital to implement. This configuration should be slower responding than the previous one since the MV depends on changing the level inside the heat exchanger in order to affect the process. Scheduling of PI Controller Settings Inferior Configuration for a Liquid/Liquid Heat Exchanger Preferred Configuration for a Liquid/Liquid Heat Exchanger Comparison of Configurations for Liquid/Liquid Heat Exchangers For the inferior configuration, the process responds slowly to MV changes with significant process deadtime. Moreover, process gain and deadtime change significantly with the process feed rate. For the preferred configuration, the system responds quickly with