Introduction to Artificial Intelligence(40-417).ppt

* * * * * * * * Parses: read bottom up. It gets worse at the end. 8064 total. With huge branches: tree, ground, dragging, wheel, wagon, girl, boy and girl, saw (8) under a tree can attach to ground, dragging, wheel, wagon, girl, boy and girl, saw. (7) On the ground (6) Dragging: wheel, wagon, girl, boy and girl (4) And: (one blue and one white) wheel, one blue and (one white wheel) (2) With a red wagon: girl, boy and girl, saw (3) How hard to check each? Current approaches: use statistics to guess right a lot of the time. But note that this one is ambiguous even for people. * * Introduction to Artificial Intelligence(40-417) Course Page /~sani/courses/ai Announcements Slides Assignments Textbooks Main? S Russell and P Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Prentice Hall, 3rd ed., 2010. Auxiliary E Rich, k Knight, and S Nair, Artificial Intelligence, McGraw-Hill, 3rd ed., 2009. Evaluation Quizzes and Assignments (10%) Prolog Assignments (20%) Mid-Term Exam (35%) Final Exam (35%) What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Views of AI fall into four categories in Two dimensions: Thinking/Reasoning vs. behavior/action Success according to human standards vs. success according to an ideal concept of intelligence (rationality): The textbook advocates acting rationally Act like humans Act rationally Think like humans Think rationally Act Rationally Rational behavior: doing the right thing “The right thing”: is expected to maximize goal achievement, given the available information Limited resource, imperfect knowledge Doesnt necessarily (but often) involve thinking Doesn’t necessarily have anything to do with how humans solve the same problem. Rational agents An agent is an entity that perceives and acts The text book focuses on designing rational agents An agent is a function from percept histories to actions: For any given class of environments and task, we seek the agent with the best performance. Problem: computational limitations