自噬的分子机制和病理生理意义.pdfVIP

27 4 Vol. 27 N o. 4 2007 8 International Journal ofPathology and C linicalM edicine Aug. 2007 ¹ 叶 青 综述 郑民华 审校 (上海市微创外科临床医学中心, 上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院消化外科研究所, 上海 20002 ) [ ] 自噬是以细胞质空泡化为特征的溶酶体依赖性的降解 径自噬可以降解胞质内受损的结构, 并 产生氨基酸游离脂肪酸等物质以供蛋白质和能量的合成, 使细胞能够适应缺氧和饥饿等环境自噬的过程受 一 系列复杂的信号分子的调控, 调控机制的失效与肿瘤神经退行性疾病衰老等有重要的联系 [ ] 自噬; 自噬体; 溶酶体; 信号转导 [ ] Q2 [ ] A [ ] 1673-2 88( 2007) 04-03 8-0 M olecu lar m echan ism of au tophagy associated w ith diseases YE Q ing, ZHENG M in-hua (ShanghaiM inmi ally Invasive Surg ery Center, Institute of Dig estive Surg ery, Rui-j inH osp ital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of M e icine, Shanghai 20002 , Ch ina) [ Ab stract] Autophagy is a vacuolar process of cytoplasm ic degradation by lysosome. Cells m ay exploit autophagy as a means to adapt to hypoxic and nutrient lmi iting environm ents by elmi inating defec- tive cell structures and producing substrates such as am ino acids, free fatty acids for ongoing protein syn- thesis and energy production. The process is controlled by complex signalling pathw ays. Irregulation of autophagy is associated w ith such as several diseased states cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and ag- ing. [ Key w ord s] autophagy; autophagosome; lysosome; signaling transduction [ Int J Pathol ClinM ed, 2007, 27(4): 03 8-0 ] ( autophagy) ; ( 2), , ( autophagosome); ( 3) A shford Porten , 1962 , [ 1-2] 10, 300 ~ 900 nm, , 00 nm, , , ( Ñ , , )