英语语言学、英语发展史、英汉互译2002.docVIP

中国人民大学2002年研究生入学考试试题 招生专业：英语语言文学 考试科目：英语语言学 英语发展史　英汉互译 考试时间：1月27日下午 考试编号：440 一、英语语言学（20%） Ⅰ.Linguistics (20%) 中国人民大学2002年研 1. Define the following linguistic concepts. (1) synchronic linguistics (2) cultural transmission (3) morphology (4) register (5) synonymy 中国人民大学2002年研 2. Give short answers to the following questions. (10%) (1) What are the methods for the addition of new words in the English language? (2) When a teacher says “it’s so hot in here” during a class, what does she probably mean? Refer to the theory of pragmatics when you analyze the situation. 二、英语发展史（20%） Ⅱ. Define the following terms, and provide examples if necessary (12%). 1. Body Language 2. Pidgin English 3. Homograph 4. Slang 5. Colloquialism 6. Idiom Ⅲ. Account for the Popularity of the English Language (8%). 三、英汉互译（60%） Ⅳ. Translate the underlined parts of the following passage into Chinese. (20%) Many years age, I, with another youth of my own age whom I had persuaded to make the journey with me, walked throughout the day up a great mountain. There was a famous astronomical observatory upon the mountain. (1) On certain nights, according to the guidebooks, the lay public might come to the observatory and look upon some remote planetary object. They could also hear a lecture. The youth and I, who had much eager interest but no money, were unable to join one of the numerous tours organized from the tourist hotels in the valley. (2) Instead, we bad trudged for many hours in order to arrive before the crowds of visitors might frustrate our hopes for a glimpse of those far worlds about which we had read so avidly. This was long ago, and we were naive young men. (3) We thought, though we were poor, that we would be welcome upon the mountain because of our desire to learn. There were reputed to dwell in the observatory men of wisdom who we hoped would receive us kindly since we, too, wished to gaze upon the wonders of outer space. (4) We were, indeed, very unskilled in the ways of the adul