2014届高考英语大二轮名师整理复习课件：阅读理解 第4讲 “错综复杂”的文章结构题.pptVIP

第四讲　“错综复杂”的文章结构题 1．所谓文章结构题，就是指那些针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的论述层次所设置的问题。这类题主要考查考生在理解全文的基础上对文章所描述事件的发展顺序、所说明事物的结构层次或在论述观点过程中使用的论证方法进行归纳和总结的能力。 2．文章结构题的题干表现形式： (1)Which of the following shows the organization of the passage? (2)In the next part，what would the author most probably discuss? (3)The second paragraph is developed by... (4)How is the passage mainly developed? (2013·陕西卷) According to sociologists (社会学家)，every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification (阶层)．Class，power and status are important in deciding people’s rank in society. Class means a person’s economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class，middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined，they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class，and 1% the upper class.Interestingly，a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class! Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously，people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise (行使) big power，but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand，however.For example，the governor of a state has great power，but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的) economic class.Generally，however，there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge，there aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the US Senate! Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society.It can also be affected by power and class，but not necessarily so.For example，a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others. 语篇解读　社会学家认为，每一个现代工业社会的阶层是由经济、权力和地位等所决定的。 1．What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2? A．People earnin