2011江苏省怀仁中学高二英语 M5U1 动词不定式教案 牛津译林版.doc

Grammar: 动词不定式 一．不定式的五种基本形式 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 不定式的否定形式：not to do/ not to have done / not to be doing/ not to be done/ not to have been done 不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式 ①不定式的进行式由to be + V-ing构成，用来表示谓语动词动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行。 eg. Some students pretended ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. ②不定式完成式由to have + V-ed构成，用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。 eg. --- Is Bob still performing? --- I’m afraid not. He is said __________ (leave) the stage already as he has become an official. ③不定式的被动式分为一般式被动to be V-ed和完成式被动to have been V-ed。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态。 eg. It is an honour for me_____________ (invite) to the party. The book is said _______________________ (translate) into many languages. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for Christmas. A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving 二. 不定式句法功能 1. 作主语： To find a true friend is difficult. 不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语 It is difficult to find a true friend. Is it difficult to find a true friend? How difficult it is to find a true friend! 不定式作主语常见句型： a) It is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + to do sth. b) It is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + to do sth. eg. It’s a pleasure to go shopping at weekends. c) It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + to do sth. eg. It requires patience to be a good teacher. 2. 作表语： 当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。 eg. Our most important task now is to make a plan. 注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。 eg. The only thing we can do now is wait and see.3.作宾语 The teacher said “Remember to bring the book tomorrow!” a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise,