第三章信息查询技术在应用文本翻译中的作用.docVIP

第三章 信息查询技术在应用文本翻译中的作用 1. 引言 在翻译实践中，面对题材各异的文本信息和众多知识点，怎样准确理解和通顺传达信息对译者是一个挑战，涉及到译者的资料查询和筛选能力、获取专业知识的能力以及翻译策略等诸多方面。所谓获取专业知识的能力是指，在阅读原文的过程中，译者在脑海中要逐步建立起与文本内容相关的专业知识的基本概念和发展脉络，并运用这些专业知识进行思辨，这样才能沿着原文作者的知识体系、逻辑推理和论证思辨进行翻译，特别是在翻译专业性较强的文本时更是如此，译者只有渗入相关专业领域，才能寻找到专业的表达方式，查找和筛选准确的信息。而且，对译者来说，找到专业知识的切入点对建构相关专业知识的基本概念和发展脉络，理解和掌握各个知识点，从而产生贴近原文的译文至关重要。 “第24届韩素音青年翻译竞赛”英译汉就是一个典型例证，该文本涉及社会科学、建筑、城市设计与规划等诸多方面的专业知识和术语，是对译者的阅读理解能力，资料查询和筛选能力，获取专业知识的能力和综合运用能力的全面考验。同时，该文本又具有相当的学术性，译者需要找到对应的学术语言进行转换，努力使译文对读者产生的效果与原文相同。 1.1 找到专业知识的切入点，透彻理解原文，包括每一个细节 原文语言精练，涉及专业知识广泛，为译者准确理解原文带来相当大的困难。因此，译者在阅读原文的过程中，首先要找到与文本内容相关的专业知识的切入点，逐步建构专业知识的基本概念，弄清发展脉络，并以此为基点，向专业领域渗透，才能准确把握信息，以专业的视角进行分析与判断，使译文沿着原作的逻辑思维脉络展开。 对于没有建筑专业知识的译者来说，通读原文可以帮助译者初步了解原作旨意，但还不足以找到与文本内容相关的专业知识的切入点。那么，逐段阅读，仔细读完前4段，并将（1）至（4）段作为一个整体来探究，原作的思路渐渐清晰。 例1： （1）We tend to view architecture as permanent, as aspiring to the status of monuments. And that kind of architecture has its place. But so does architecture of a different sort. （2）For most of the first decade of the 2000s, architecture was about the statement building. Whether it was a controversial memorial or an impossibly luxurious condo tower, architecture’s raison d’être was to make a lasting impression. Architecture has always been synonymous with permanence, but should it be? （3） In the last few years, the opposite may be true. Architectural billings are at an all-time low. Major commissions are few and far between. The architecture that’s been making news is fast and fleeting: pop-up shops, food carts, marketplaces, performance spaces. And while many manifestations of the genre have jumped the shark (i.e., a Toys R Us pop-up shop), there is undeniable opportunity in the temporary: it is an apt response to a civilization in flux. And like many prevailing trends — collaborative consumption (a.k.a., “sharing”), community gardens, barter and trade — “temporary” is so retro that it’s become radical. （4）In November, I had the pleasure of moderating Motopia, a panel at University of Southern