词汇学5.ppt

English Lexicology (V) Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” Contents 12. Words and Sexism 13. English Idioms 14. Varieties of English: American English 15. English Dictionaries 12. Words and Sexism If anyone wants the book, he can have one. 如果有人想要这本书，可以给他。 Man is the highest form of life on earth. 人是地球上具有生命物体的最高形式。 He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。 12. Words and Sexism Declaration of Independence： …all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. ……人生而平等，他们享有造物主赋予他们的若干不可剥夺的权利：生存的权利、自由的权利和追求幸福的权利。 Abraham Lincoln in Gettysburg Address： “Four score seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that men are created equal.” 87 年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家它孕育于自由之中奉行一切人生来平等的原则。 12. Words and Sexism Man and Nature Freshman Manmade Forefather Language is closely related to social attitudes. Men and women are socially different in that society lays down different social roles for them and expects different behaviour patterns from them. Language simply reflects this social fact. 12. Words and Sexism 1) A word once reserved for female persons in high places is generalised to refer to people of all levels in a society: The titles of women are more likely to undergo this generalisation than the titles of men. For instance, under the entry lord in Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary (CCELD), ten meanings are listed, all associated with nobility, authority and power. However, its counterpart lady is not so fortunate as to be reserved specially for the females of nobility. Lord is the title used in front of the name of British earls, viscounts, marquesses, etc. In Britain, you address a man as “ My Lord” when he is a judge or bishop, or if he is an earl, viscount, marquess, etc. The word “lord” is also used a