Chapter 19, part 1.ppt

Chapter 19, part 1 Blood Learning Objectives List the components of the cardiovascular system and explain the major functions of this system. Describe the important components and major functions of the blood List the characteristics and functions of red blood cells. Describe the structure of hemoglobin and indicate its functions. Discuss red blood cell production and maturation. Learning Objectives Explain the importance of blood typing and the basis for ABO and Rh incompatibilities. Categorize the various white blood cells on the basis of structure and function. Describe the structure, function and production of platelets. Describe the reaction sequences responsible for blood clotting. SECTION 19-1 The Cardiovascular System: An Introduction The cardiovascular system Provides a mechanism for rapid transport of nutrients, waste products, respiratory gases and cells SECTION 19-2Functions and Composition of Blood Blood Fluid connective tissue Functions include Transporting dissolved gases, nutrients, hormones, and metabolic wastes Regulating pH and ion composition of interstitial fluids Restricting fluid loss at injury sites Defending the body against toxins and pathogens Regulating body temperature by absorbing and redistributing heat The composition of blood Plasma and formed elements comprise whole blood Red blood cells (RBC) White blood cells (WBC) Platelets Can fractionate whole blood for analytical or clinical purposes Figure 19.1 The Composition of Whole Blood Figure 19.1 The Composition of Whole Blood Figure 19.1 The Composition of Whole Blood Hemopoiesis Process of blood cell formation Hemocytoblasts are circulating stem cells that divide to form all types of blood cells Whole blood from anywhere in the body has roughly the same temperature, pH and viscosity SECTION 19-3Plasma Plasma Accounts for 46-63% of blood volume 92% of plasma is water Higher concentration of dissolved oxygen and dissolved proteins than interstitial fluid Plasma proteins