Communication NetworksA First Course.ppt

Communication NetworksA First Course 通信网络基础 Chapter 1 Introduction to Communication Networks Introduction to….. …..的入门（介绍，引言） Communication： 单数：“通信，交流”这一行为 复数：“通信”这一学科领域 Definition of Communication Networks Evolution of Communication Networks Organization of the book 1.1 What are communication network Communication networks are arrangements of hardwaresoftware that allow users to exchange information . 2.types Telephone network is designed for voice transmission Office computer network——personal computers /workstations——share programs，data and some other peripherals Internet——cover most of the world——exchange messages and computer files and some video and audio signals 3.notes Although all these systems are communication networks,they are quite different in the information that they transmit and in the way they are used.Nevertheless,they operate on similar principles. Each system described is designed to exchange information,which may be voice, sounds, graphics, pictures, video, text or data among users. Digital transmission Before the information is transmitted,it is converted into bits(zeros or ones).Then the bits are sent to a receiver as electrical or optical signals.Finally,the information is reconstructed from the received bits. Digital transmission reduces the transmission errors.（误码率低） Line configuration: the relation between communication devices and link Link:the physical path that data transfer from one device to another device Topology Point-to-point Line Configuration The transmission from some user A to another B can take place over a point-to-point communication link.（点对点的传输链路） The physical medium that supports this communication may be a cable,copper wires,an optical fiber,a radio link,or a light wave in free space.（电缆、铜线、光纤、无线电、空中的光波） Point-to-Point Line Configuration Two types of line configuration Point-to-point Line Configuration :A dedicated link can be used to connection two computers permanentl