Conflict in Europe1935 - 1945.ppt

Conflict in Europe1935 - 1945 By S. Angelo Head Teacher History East Hills Girls Technology High School 2009 Growth of European tensions Dictatorships in Germany Italy League of Nations and collapse of collective security Abyssinia Spanish Civil War Britain, France and the policy of appeasement: - assessment Significance of the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact Path to the Dictatorship in Germany Dictatorship in Germany Dictatorship in Germany Dictatorship in Italy HITLER’S AIMS NEWTON Hitler-Papen gov’t 1933 Emergency Decree 28/2/1933 Elections – 43.9% NSDAP Goebbels – propaganda Enabling Act Vatican Concordat Political parties banned Germany leaves League of Nations 1934 Hitler visits Mussolini in Venice Pro-Nazi coup lead to murder of Dollfuss – Schuschnigg – Austrian Chancellor Death of Hindenburg – Hitler becomes Fuhrer Totalitarianism 1935 – rearmament; allied confusion 1936 – Rhineland Spain 1937 – alliance with Italy – seeks alliance with Britain Mussolini visits Berlin Hossbach Memorandum on Lebensraum Italy, Germany Spain – Anti-Comintern Pact Lord Halifax visits Hitler at Berchtesgaden 1938 – Austria Sudentenland CANTWELL Hitler – frustrated artist Fought in WWI profound nationalist – common with Mussolini Drexler et al formed a German Worker’s Party to revolutionise the nation – 1919 (just before the creation of the Fascist Party) Drexler saw the potential in Hitler to be an outstanding orator – another trait he had in common with Mussolini Hitler’s Brownshirts Mussolini’s Blackshirts – indoctrinated militia Mein Kampf Doctrine of Fascism Nazi salute came from Mussolini’s Blackshirts Hitler Mussolini arrested Hitler Mussolini recognised need for public support Hitler Mussolini resorted to violence if necessary to achieve aims HITLER’S AIMS WEBB Ideology – lebensraum racial purity Pragmatist – pursue policies that achieved short term gains even if it contradicted his long term gains Opportunist Revisionist Autarky – self sufficiency France