Measurement信号的分析与处理py_ch2_english+edited.ppt

Spectrum after sampling in frequency domain exists only at each sampled point. Spectrum of un-sampled points is warded[w?:did] 挡住and not shown (regarded as 0.). This phenomenon is called fence effect. Obviously ,sampling must bring fence effect. 经频域采样后的频谱仅在各采样点上存在，而非采样点的频谱则被“挡住”无法显示（视为0），这种现象称为栅栏效应。显然，采样必然带来栅栏效应。 Basic of Digital Signal Processing数字信号处理基础 In the time domain , as long as satisfying sampling theorem, fence effect doesn’t lose signal information.在时域，只要满足采样定理，栅栏效应不会丢失信号信息 Basic of Digital Signal Processing数字信号处理基础 In frequency domain, fence effect may lose important or characteristic frequency components (due to leakage, existence of other frequency near the lost frequency component .) It will produce results of spectrum analysis without signification意义. 在频域，则有可能丢失的重要的或具有特征的频率成分（由于泄漏，丢失频率成分附近的频率有可能存在），导致谱分析结果失去意义。 X(f)?S0(f) x(t)s0(t) s0(t) x(t) S0(f) X(f) w(t) W(f) x(t)s0(t)w(t) X(f)?S0(f)?W(f) s1(t) S1 (f) [X(f)?S0(f)?W(f) ]S1 (f ) [x(t)s0(t)w(t) ]* s1(t) Discrete Fourier transform illustration 离散傅里叶变换图解说明 Frequency resolution , integer[intid??] frequency truncation 频率分辨力、整周期截断 Interval[int?v?l] of frequency sampling Δf decides frequency resolution. When Δf is smaller ,resolution will become higher. Warded frequency components will become fewer. Since DFT(discrete Fourier transformation) exports N effective spectral values in a period (1/Ts), the frequency interval is: 频率采样间隔?f决定了频率分辨力。?f 越小，分辨力越高，被挡住的频率成分越少。 由于DFT在频域的一个周期内（周期为：1/Ts）输出N个有效谱值，故频率间隔为： Basic of Digital Signal Processing数字信号处理基础 Obviously ,?f can be improved by decreasing fs or increasing N. But fs is restricted by sampling theorem and impossible to be decreased arbitrarily任意地. Increasing N certainly adds calculating work. To solve antinomy[?tin?mi]矛盾 above, ZOOM-FFT, Chip-Z transform or model-based modern spectrum analysis technology may be adopted. 显然，可以通过降低fs或提高N以提高?f。但前者受采样定理的限制，不可能随意降低，后者必然增加计算量。 为了解决上述矛盾，可以采用ZOOM-FFT或Chip-Z变换，或采用基于模型的现代谱分析技术。 Basic of Di