高三英语总复习课件：语法15特殊句式.pptVIP

专项语法十五　特殊句式 要点精析 一、倒装 1．完全倒装 谓语动词完全搬到主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有两种： (1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首时。 In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. 在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。 South of the river lies a small factory. 一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。 Here is the book you want. 你要的书在这儿。 Then came the order to take off. 起飞的命令到了。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。 Away they went. 他们走了。 Over it turns! 它翻过来了。 例　(2009·上海)Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away________. A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief 解析：本题考查了全部倒装句。句意：听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。表地点方位的副词away放于句首时，句子要全部倒装。正常的语序是“The thief fled away.”故选D。 答案：D (2)表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 Present at the meeting were some scientists from China. 许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 Gone are the days when we were poor. 我们贫穷的日子一去不复返了。 2．部分倒装 (1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 直到那时，我们才决定以暴制暴。 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。 Only when he returned did we find out the truth. 只有当他回来时，我们才能查明事实真相。 注意：only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。 Only you can solve the problem. 只有你能解决这个问题。 (2)否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。 Never before have I seen such a moving film.＝I have never seen such a moving film before. 以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。 Not a single mistake did he make.＝He didnt make a single mistake. 他一个错误也没犯。 例　(2009·陕西)Little________about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 解析：本题考查倒装语序。句意：虽然身处险境，Rose却丝毫不在乎她个人的安危。否定副词little置于句首，全句主谓需部分倒装。且though引导的从句时态为一般过去时。故选A。 答案：A (3)hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., not only...but also...等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。但当neither...nor...引导两个分句时，两个分句都要部分倒装。 Hardly had he begun to speak whe