稻草不同还田方式对水稻产量和经济效益的影响本科毕业论文.docVIP

JIANGXI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 本 科 毕 业 论 文 题目：稻草不同还田方式对水稻产量和经济效益的影响 学 院： 国土资源与环境学院 姓 名： 学 号： 专 业： 农业资源与环境 年 级： 指导教师： 职称：副教授 摘要 I Abstract II 前言 1 1 材料与方法 1 1.1 试验地点与材料 1 1.2 试验设计 1 1.3 测定指标与方法 2 1.3.1 土壤理化性质的测定 2 1.3.2 考种与测产 2 1.4 经济效益计算 2 1.5 数据处理 3 2. 结果与分析 3 2.1 稻草全量还田方式对水稻产量的影响 3 2.2 稻草全量还田对土壤肥力的影响 3 2.2.1 对土壤物理性质的影响 3 2.2.2 对土壤养分的影响 4 2.3 稻草全量还田对经济效益的影响 5 3 讨论与结论 5 3.1 稻草还田与水稻生长和经济效益 5 3.2稻草还田与土壤理化性质 6 参考文献 7 致谢 9 通过大田定位试验，以稻草烧灰还田、单施化肥和不施肥为对照，研究了等量施肥的条件下稻草全量直接还田对双季稻产量及其构成因素、土壤理化性质以及经济效益的影响。结果表明：晚稻稻草还田有利于翌年早稻产量的提高，较单施化肥和烧灰还田处理相比，分别提高了8.6%和3.1%；而早稻草还田对晚稻的增产效果不明显。稻草连续多季直接还田有利于改善土壤的通气状况和提高土壤肥力以及提高了生产收益。稻草全量还田不仅提高了水稻的产量，改善了土壤的通气孔隙度和提高了土壤养分含量，而且还减少了生产成本，提高了种粮的经济效益。  Abstract Through a localization field experiment conditions in 2013, the straw burning ash to field application of chemical fertilizer and no fertilizer control, Investigate the influence of a straw field in the double cropping of rice tillers, yield, soil physical and chemical properties as well as economic benefits.The results showed that:the late straw returning rice yield in the following year to improve the early rice production straw incorporation than burning ash to field increased by 3.1%, compared with a single application of chemical fertilizer increased by 8.6%; And as early as straw incorporation of late rice yield increasing effect is not obvious. Straw consecutive quarter directly returning field in improving soil aeration and improve soil fertility and improve the production of income.The full rate of straw returning field not only improve rice yields, improve soil aeration porosity and soil nutrient content, but also reduce the production cost and improve the economic benefits of grain. Key words: total rice straw incorporation; rice growth; soil fertility; economic benefits 前言 水稻是中国最主要的粮食作物，全国常年种植面积约8979万公顷，按谷草比为1:1计算，年