环翼式桥（闸）墩防冲刷实验的研究.pdf

摘 要 桥墩的局部冲刷是桥梁毁坏的主要原因之一，由于桥墩冲刷现象十分复杂，影 响因素众多，至今人们对冲刷的机理认识和在理论上的研究还很有限，仍需继续进 行这方面的研究。 桥墩周围的水流主要包括下潜水流、墩前涌流、墩基冲击水流、墩后上冲水流、 墩后尾漩涡水流。其中下潜水流是冲刷的主要原因，本文基于此，通过改变下潜水 流，从而起到冲刷防护的作用，提出一种在桥墩上加挡板的冲刷防护方法。在水工 实验室开展了桥墩冲刷防护的水槽试验研究,通过水工模型实验，研究了桥墩在水中 局部冲刷的深度、范围变化情况以及桥墩加挡板与不加挡板时周围流速的变化规律。 通过物理模型试验分析得到： (1)加上挡板后桥墩局部冲刷防护效果很明显，可以有效减小冲坑深度与宽度， (2)环翼式桥墩中挡板的位置是桥墩局部冲刷与流速改变的控制因素； (3)最终决定冲刷程度的是墩前近底层的垂向流速； (4)环翼式桥墩改变了墩前的下潜水流方向，使其向两侧分流，减小了下潜水流 流速，从而减小对河床的冲击，对桥墩局部冲刷起到防护的作用。 关键词：环翼式桥墩；冲刷防护；挡板；冲坑 Experimental Research on Scour protection of Bridge pier(brake) with Ring-wing Baffles Abstract Local scour plays an important role in damage of the bridge piers . while the phenomenon is so complex and the factors so much that the theoretical knowledge and research is still very limited anti the mechanism of erosion, therefore it is still need to continue to research in the area. The water around bridge pier consists of the dive water 、the surge before pier 、the water impacting of bridge pier base、the water flow upward after pier 、the water taking shape whirl after pier ect. The dive water play an important role in erosion ,based on the theory, it plays the role of scour protection by changing the dive flow ,and we proposed a method for scour protection to add baffles in the pier.We research the scour depth and scope changes about local scour of bridge piers in the water by hydraulic method experiment and the variation law of velocity of flow around pier between add and without baffles by flume experiment of pier scour protection in the hydraulic laboratory We can get the following conclusions by analysising physical model test: (1)When the bridge pier is added baffles, it is obvious that the effect of local scouring and protective of bridge pie (2)The postion of ring-wing baffle on the pier is the