浅析花生各生长期所需的基本气象条件中英文.docVIP

浅析花生各生长期所需的基本气象条件 Basic meteorological conditions in different growing period of peanut required 　　花生是我国主要的油料经济作物之一，山东省是花生生产大省，年总产300万t，占全国的1\/4；667 m2均产量250 kg，比全国高近50 kg；出口量占全国的70％以上。全省常年种植面积86.67万hm2，仅次于河南省。山东省新泰市是我省花生重点生产地区,又是当地重要的农业经济作物,本文在田间农业气象试验研究的基础之上,对影响花生生育期的气象因子进行了分析,阐述了天气—花生间的关系,并对提高花生产量,更好地开展农业气象服务,防灾减灾,促进农业高质高产提出相应气象服务对策。 Peanut is one of the main oil crops in our country, Shandong province is a big province of peanut production, annual production of 3000000 T, accounting for 1\/4 of the country; 667 M2 output of 250 kg, higher than the national average of nearly 50 kg; exports account for more than 70% of the country. The annual planting area of 866700 Hm2, second only to Henan province. Shandong province Xintai city is the province of peanut production areas, but also is an important agricultural crops of local, based on the experimental study on agricultural meteorological field, the influence of meteorological factors on peanut growing period were analyzed, elaborated the relationship between weather and peanut, and to improve the yield of peanut, to better carry out agricultural meteorology service, disaster prevention and mitigation, promoting agriculture and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of meteorological service. 1 花生各生长期的所需的基本气象条件 Basic meteorological conditions required for 1 different growth stage of peanut 1.1 热量条件 花生原产于热带丘陵山区的河谷地带，是一种喜温、较耐旱、怕涝的一年生豆科作物。生长季节要求平均气温20.0℃以上，但因品种不同对热量条件的要求也不完全一致[1]。一般晚熟花生要求温度较高，全生育期需积温3 300.0～3 600.0℃，生育期150～180 d；中熟种需积温2 850.0～3 100.0℃，生育期130～160 d；早熟种需积温2 700.0～3 000.0℃，生育期130 d以下。 1.1 heat peanut native to tropical mountainous hilly areas of the valley, is a warm, more drought, be afraid of waterlogged annual leguminous crops. The growing season the average temperature of 20℃ above requirements, but due to the different varieties of heat required is not entirely consistent [1]. General late peanut requires high temperature, temperature 3300 ~ 3600 ℃for the whole growth period, growth period